Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits a spectrum of heterogeneity, from indolent to highly aggressive forms, with approximately 10–20% of patients experiencing metastatic PCa. Oligometastatic PCa, characterized by a limited number of metastatic lesions in specific anatomical locations, has gained attention due to advanced imaging modalities. Although patients with metastatic PCa typically receive systemic therapy, personalized treatment approaches for oligometastatic PCa are emerging, including surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions. This comprehensive review explores the latest developments in the field of oligometastatic PCa, including its biological mechanisms, advanced imaging techniques, and relevant clinical studies. Oligometastatic PCa is distinct from widespread metastases and presents challenges in patient classification. Imaging plays a crucial role in identifying and characterizing oligometastatic lesions, with new techniques such as prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography demonstrating a remarkable efficacy. The management strategies encompass cytoreductive surgery, radiotherapy targeting the primary tumor, and metastasis-directed therapy for recurrent lesions. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the effectiveness of these approaches. Oligometastatic PCa occupies a unique position between locally advanced and high-volume metastatic diseases. While a universally accepted definition and standardized diagnostic criteria are still evolving, emerging imaging technologies and therapeutic strategies hold promise for improving the patient outcomes in this intermediate stage of PCa.
前列腺癌（PCa）表现出从惰性到高度侵袭性的异质性谱系，其中约10%-20%的患者会发生转移性前列腺癌。寡转移性前列腺癌以特定解剖部位存在有限数量的转移病灶为特征，由于先进影像学技术的发展而受到关注。虽然转移性前列腺癌患者通常接受全身治疗，但针对寡转移性前列腺癌的个体化治疗策略正在兴起，包括手术和放射治疗干预。本综述系统探讨了寡转移性前列腺癌领域的最新进展，涵盖其生物学机制、先进影像学技术及相关临床研究。寡转移性前列腺癌与广泛转移存在本质区别，在患者分类方面面临挑战。影像学在识别和表征寡转移病灶中发挥关键作用，其中前列腺特异性膜抗原正电子发射断层扫描等新技术展现出显著效能。治疗策略包括减瘤手术、针对原发肿瘤的放射治疗以及针对复发灶的转移导向治疗。目前正在进行的临床试验正在评估这些方法的有效性。寡转移性前列腺癌在局部晚期与高负荷转移性疾病之间占据独特地位。虽然普遍接受的定义和标准化诊断标准仍在发展中，但新兴的影像学技术和治疗策略有望改善这一前列腺癌中间阶段患者的临床结局。
Progress in Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: Emerging Imaging Innovations and Therapeutic Approaches
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家