The discovery of the distinctive structure of heavy chain-only antibodies in species belonging to the Camelidae family has elicited significant interest in their variable antigen binding domain (VHH) and gained attention for various applications, such as cancer diagnosis and treatment. This article presents an overview of the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of VHHs as compared to conventional antibodies, and their usage in diverse applications. The singular properties of VHHs are explained, and several strategies that can augment their utility are outlined. The preclinical studies illustrating the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy of distinct VHHs in diverse formats against solid cancers are summarized, and an overview of the clinical trials assessing VHH-based agents in oncology is provided. These investigations demonstrate the enormous potential of VHHs for medical research and healthcare.
骆驼科动物体内独特重链抗体的发现，使其可变抗原结合域（VHH）引起了广泛关注，并在癌症诊断与治疗等多个应用领域获得重视。本文系统综述了VHH相较于传统抗体的特性、优势与局限，及其在不同场景中的应用情况。文中阐释了VHH的独特性质，概述了多种提升其应用效能的策略，总结了临床前研究中不同形式VHH对实体肿瘤的诊断与治疗效能，并对基于VHH的肿瘤治疗药物临床试验进展进行了梳理。这些研究充分证明了VHH在医学研究与健康领域具有巨大潜力。
Promising Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches Based on VHHs for Cancer Management
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家