Background: The role of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), the first known human oncogenic virus, in the development of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is already well documented. There are few studies in the available scientific literature on oropharyngeal cancer associated with EBV infection. Due to the lack of an effective vaccine against EBV, it is necessary to search for new markers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. The aim of current study was to determine the usefulness of anti-Zta and anti-LMP1 antibodies as diagnostic and prognostic markers in EBV positive OPSCC patients. Methods: For this purpose, experiments were carried out to determine both the prevalence and level of EBVCA, EBNA1, EA, Zta, and LMP1 antibodies in serum patients depending on histological differentiation-grading and TNM classification (ELISA assay). Results: Based on the obtained results, we showed that OPSCC EBV positive patients are characterized by a higher level of anti-Zta antibodies than in the EBV negative group. Their level depended on the clinical stage. Moreover, a ROC analysis confirmed the diagnostic accuracy of anti-Zta antibodies. Conclusions: Anti-Zta and anti-LMP1 antibodies may be useful in the diagnosis of OPSCC. It seems that combined antibody testing should be performed to increase diagnostic accuracy.
背景：爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）作为首个已知的人类致癌病毒，其在鼻咽癌（NPC）发展中的作用已得到充分证实。然而，现有科学文献中关于EBV感染相关口咽癌（OPSCC）的研究较少。由于缺乏针对EBV的有效疫苗，寻找用于该疾病早期诊断和预后评估的新型标志物显得尤为必要。本研究旨在评估抗Zta和抗LMP1抗体作为EBV阳性OPSCC患者诊断及预后标志物的应用价值。 方法：通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），检测患者血清中EBVCA、EBNA1、EA、Zta及LMP1抗体的阳性率与水平，并分析其与组织学分化分级及TNM分期的相关性。 结果：研究结果显示，与EBV阴性组相比，EBV阳性OPSCC患者体内抗Zta抗体水平显著升高，且其水平与临床分期相关。此外，ROC分析证实了抗Zta抗体具有较高的诊断准确性。 结论：抗Zta和抗LMP1抗体可能有助于OPSCC的诊断。为提高诊断准确性，建议采用联合抗体检测策略。
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