文章：

转移性尿路上皮癌免疫治疗临床试验全面综述：单用或联合免疫检查点抑制剂、新型抗体、细胞疗法及疫苗

A Comprehensive Review of Immunotherapy Clinical Trials for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Alone or in Combination, Novel Antibodies, Cellular Therapies, and Vaccines

原文发布日期：12 January 2024

DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020335

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Urothelial cancer is an immune-responsive cancer, but only a subset of patients benefits from immune checkpoint inhibition. Currently, single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the combination of pembrolizumab with the antibody–drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin are approved to treat patients with metastatic UC (mUC). Approval of first-line nivolumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin is expected imminently. Many treatment approaches are being investigated to better harness the immune system to fight mUC. In this review, we summarize the landmark clinical trials of ICIs that led to their incorporation into the current standard of care for mUC. We further discuss recent and ongoing clinical trials in mUC, which are investigating ICIs in combination with other agents, including chemotherapy, antibody–drug conjugates, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and novel antibodies. Lastly, we review novel approaches utilizing bispecific antibodies, cellular therapies, and vaccines. The landscape of immunotherapy for mUC is rapidly evolving and will hopefully lead to better outcomes for patients.

摘要翻译： 

尿路上皮癌是一种对免疫治疗有反应的癌症，但仅有部分患者能从免疫检查点抑制剂治疗中获益。目前，单药免疫检查点抑制剂以及帕博利珠单抗联合抗体偶联药物enfortumab vedotin的方案已获批用于转移性尿路上皮癌的治疗。纳武利尤单抗联合吉西他滨和顺铂的一线治疗方案预计即将获批。为更有效激活免疫系统对抗转移性尿路上皮癌，多种治疗策略正在积极探索中。本综述系统总结了推动免疫检查点抑制剂纳入当前转移性尿路上皮癌标准治疗的里程碑式临床试验，并深入探讨了近期及正在进行的联合治疗研究，包括免疫检查点抑制剂与化疗、抗体偶联药物、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂及新型抗体的联合应用。最后，我们综述了双特异性抗体、细胞疗法及疫苗等创新治疗策略。转移性尿路上皮癌的免疫治疗格局正在快速演进，有望为患者带来更好的临床结局。

原文链接：

A Comprehensive Review of Immunotherapy Clinical Trials for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Alone or in Combination, Novel Antibodies, Cellular Therapies, and Vaccines