Primary care gynecologists are increasingly integrated into the care of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) risks. These physicians should not only have basic genetic knowledge; they should also feel able to sensitively address an increased HBOC risk and deal with emotional, stressful situations in this context. Our project aimed at developing a training module, ‘iKNOWgynetics’, addressing psychosocial challenges in the context of HBOC care for primary care gynecologists. We developed the psychosocial training module in three phases: first, we conducted an online survey withn= 35 women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer to assess patients’ experiences and needs. Second, based on the results of the needs assessment, we developed the training module. Third, we evaluated the training by assessing physicians’ (n= 109) self-efficacy with regard to communication skills in the context of HBOC before and after the training. In the needs assessment, seven psychosocial themes emerged. These themes, complementing a review of the literature, informed the training curriculum. The training was divided into two parts: (1) communicating with women before genetic testing and (2) care co-management for women with HBOC after genetic testing. After the training, participants reported a significant increase in self-efficacy in three domains: communicating empathetically, educating patients in a comprehensible way and dealing with emotionally challenging situations. Our results highlight the relevance of psychosocial issues for patients with HBOC. A genetic literacy training module that integrates aspects of psychosocial care increases physicians’ confidence in dealing with emotionally challenging situations before and after their patients’ genetic testing. Thus, such trainings may improve the care of women with hereditary cancer risks.
初级保健妇科医生正日益融入对遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌（HBOC）风险患者的诊疗工作中。这些医生不仅需要具备基础的遗传学知识，还应能够敏感地应对HBOC风险增高的情况，并妥善处理由此引发的情绪化、高压力的情境。本项目旨在开发一个名为“iKNOWgynetics”的培训模块，专门针对初级保健妇科医生在HBOC诊疗中面临的心理社会挑战。该心理社会培训模块的开发分为三个阶段：首先，我们对35名有乳腺癌或卵巢癌家族史的女性进行了在线调查，以评估患者的经历和需求；其次，基于需求评估结果，我们开发了培训模块；最后，通过评估109名医生在培训前后对HBOC相关沟通技巧的自我效能感，对该培训进行了评价。需求评估中浮现出七个心理社会主题，这些主题结合文献综述，共同构成了培训课程的基础。培训分为两部分：（1）基因检测前与女性的沟通；（2）基因检测后对HBOC女性的协同照护。培训后，参与者在三个领域的自我效能感显著提升：共情沟通、以易懂方式教育患者以及应对情绪挑战情境。我们的研究结果凸显了心理社会问题对HBOC患者的重要性。整合了心理社会照护方面的遗传素养培训模块，增强了医生在患者基因检测前后应对情绪挑战情境的信心。因此，此类培训有望改善对具有遗传性癌症风险女性的照护质量。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家