Glioma progression is a complex process controlled by molecular factors that coordinate the crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Among these, immune cells play a critical role in cancer survival and progression. The complex interplay between cancer cells and the immune TME influences the outcome of immunotherapy and other anti-cancer therapies. Here, we present an updated view of the pro- and anti-tumor activities of the main myeloid and lymphocyte cell populations in the glioma TME. We review the underlying mechanisms involved in crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells that enable gliomas to evade the immune system and co-opt these cells for tumor growth. Lastly, we discuss the current and experimental therapeutic options being developed to revert the immunosuppressive activity of the glioma TME. Knowledge of the complex interplay that elapses between tumor and immune cells may help develop new combination treatments able to overcome tumor immune evasion mechanisms and enhance response to immunotherapies.
胶质瘤进展是一个受分子因子调控的复杂过程，这些因子协调着肿瘤细胞与肿瘤微环境（TME）各组分之间的相互作用。其中，免疫细胞在癌症的存活和进展中起着关键作用。癌细胞与免疫性肿瘤微环境之间复杂的相互作用影响着免疫疗法及其他抗癌疗法的疗效。本文针对胶质瘤肿瘤微环境中主要髓系细胞和淋巴细胞群体的促肿瘤与抗肿瘤活性提出了更新的观点。我们综述了癌细胞与免疫细胞之间相互作用的潜在机制，这些机制使胶质瘤得以逃避免疫系统并利用这些细胞促进肿瘤生长。最后，我们讨论了当前及正在研发的实验性治疗策略，旨在逆转胶质瘤肿瘤微环境的免疫抑制活性。深入了解肿瘤细胞与免疫细胞之间复杂的相互作用机制，将有助于开发新的联合治疗方案，从而克服肿瘤免疫逃逸机制并增强对免疫疗法的反应。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家