文章：

胸腺癌的分子与功能关键特征及致癌驱动因素

Molecular and Functional Key Features and Oncogenic Drivers in Thymic Carcinomas

原文发布日期：29 December 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010166

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Thymic epithelial tumors, comprising thymic carcinomas and thymomas, are rare neoplasms. They differ in histology, prognosis, and association with autoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis. Thymomas, but not thymic carcinomas, often harbor GTF2I mutations. Mutations of CDKN2A, TP53, and CDKN2B are the most common thymic carcinomas. The acquisition of mutations in genes that control chromatin modifications and epigenetic regulation occurs in the advanced stages of thymic carcinomas. Anti-angiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have shown promising results for the treatment of unresectable tumors. Since thymic carcinomas are frankly aggressive tumors, this report presents insights into their oncogenic drivers, categorized under the established hallmarks of cancer.

摘要翻译： 

胸腺上皮肿瘤，包括胸腺癌和胸腺瘤，属于罕见肿瘤。它们在组织学、预后以及与自身免疫性疾病（如重症肌无力）的关联方面存在差异。胸腺瘤（而非胸腺癌）常携带GTF2I基因突变。CDKN2A、TP53和CDKN2B基因突变在胸腺癌中最为常见。控制染色质修饰和表观遗传调控的基因突变出现在胸腺癌的晚期阶段。抗血管生成药物和针对PD-1/PD-L1轴的免疫检查点抑制剂在治疗不可切除肿瘤方面已显示出良好前景。鉴于胸腺癌具有明显的侵袭性，本报告依据已确立的癌症标志性特征，对其致癌驱动因素进行了分类探讨。

原文链接：

Molecular and Functional Key Features and Oncogenic Drivers in Thymic Carcinomas