The survival rate for pediatric cancer has increased over the past few decades, short- and long-term complications have been detected and studied, and oral complications have emerged as an important topic of research. Here, we aimed to highlight the importance of oral manifestations that may only become apparent years or even decades after cancer treatment. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. We searched articles using PubMed via the MEDLINE, Web of Science, and LILACS databases until October 2023. Overall, 35 observational studies were included, and the results estimated a pooled prevalence of the following dental anomalies: discoloration, 53%; crown-root malformations and agenesis, 36%; enamel hypoplasia, 32%; root development alterations, 29%; unerupted teeth, 24%; microdontia, 16%; hypodontia, 13%; and macrodontia, 7%. Most childhood cancer survivors have at least one dental sequela. Childhood cancer survivors presented a higher risk of having dental alterations than control counterparts. Additional analyses reveal possible sex-based differences that should be explored in future studies. These results collectively highlight the importance of oral healthcare and the prevention of disease in childhood cancer survivors.
过去几十年间，儿童癌症生存率显著提升，短期与长期并发症随之被发现并得到研究，其中口腔并发症已成为重要研究课题。本研究旨在强调那些可能在癌症治疗结束数年至数十年后才显现的口腔表现的重要性。本系统综述严格遵循系统综述与荟萃分析优先报告条目规范，通过MEDLINE、Web of Science及LILACS数据库检索截至2023年10月收录于PubMed的文献。最终纳入35项观察性研究，结果显示各类牙科异常合并患病率分别为：牙齿变色53%，牙冠牙根畸形与发育不全36%，釉质发育不全32%，牙根发育异常29%，牙齿未萌出24%，小牙症16%，少牙症13%，巨牙症7%。多数儿童癌症幸存者至少存在一种牙科后遗症，其发生牙科发育异常的风险显著高于对照组人群。进一步分析提示可能存在性别差异，值得未来研究深入探讨。这些结果共同凸显了加强儿童癌症幸存者口腔健康管理与疾病预防的重要性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家