Congenital tumors are rare and, owing to this rarity, there is limited information on many of them. A total of 839 fetal and postnatal MRI studies performed in the first 3 months of life were retrospectively reviewed. They were performed with the use of 1.5 T scanners. Seventy-six tumors were diagnosed based on fetal MRI between 20 and 37 gestational weeks, and 27 were found after birth, from 1 day of age to 3 months of life. Teratomas were the most common tumors in our dataset, mainly in the sacrococcygeal region (SCT), followed by cardiac rhabdomyomas and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) associated with TSC, and neuroblastomas. The group of less common tumors consisted of infantile fibrosarcomas, malignant rhabdoid tumors, mesoblastic nephromas and Wilms tumor, craniopharyngiomas, brain stem gliomas, desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma, choroid plexus carcinoma, glioblastoma, hemangiopericytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, melanoma, mesenchymal hamartomas of the chest wall and the liver, and juvenile xanthogranuloma, with special consideration of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome. MRI plays a significant role in further and better characterization of congenital tumors, leading to a correct diagnosis in many cases, which is crucial for pregnancy and neonatal management and psychological preparation of the parents. No diagnosis is impossible and can be absolutely excluded.
先天性肿瘤较为罕见，正因如此，关于此类肿瘤的信息十分有限。本研究回顾性分析了839例在出生后三个月内进行的胎儿期及产后MRI检查资料，所有检查均使用1.5T磁共振扫描仪完成。其中76例肿瘤通过孕20-37周的胎儿MRI确诊，27例在出生后（日龄1天至3个月）发现。畸胎瘤是本数据集中最常见的肿瘤类型，主要发生于骶尾部，其次为与结节性硬化症相关的心脏横纹肌瘤和室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤，以及神经母细胞瘤。较少见的肿瘤类型包括婴儿型纤维肉瘤、恶性横纹肌样瘤、中胚层肾瘤与肾母细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、脑干胶质瘤、促结缔组织增生性婴儿星形细胞瘤、脉络丛癌、胶质母细胞瘤、血管外皮细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、黑色素瘤、胸壁及肝脏间叶性错构瘤以及幼年性黄色肉芽肿，其中特别关注了蓝色橡皮疱样痣综合征。MRI在进一步精准表征先天性肿瘤方面发挥重要作用，能在多数病例中实现正确诊断，这对妊娠期管理、新生儿治疗及父母心理准备至关重要。任何诊断皆有可能，不存在可被完全排除的可能性。
Congenital Tumors—Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings with Focus on Rare Tumors
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家