Urogenital cancers, which include prostate, bladder, and kidney malignancies, exert a substantial impact on global cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Proteomic biomarkers, emerging as valuable tools, aim to enhance early detection, prognostic accuracy, and the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. This study undertook a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature investigating the role and potential of proteomic biomarkers in plasma, tissue, and urine samples in urogenital cancers. Our extensive search across several databases identified 1879 differentially expressed proteins from 37 studies, signifying their potential as unique biomarkers for these cancers. A meta-analysis of the significantly differentially expressed proteins was executed, accentuating the findings through visually intuitive volcano plots. A functional enrichment analysis unveiled their significant involvement in diverse biological processes, including signal transduction, immune response, cell communication, and cell growth. A pathway analysis highlighted the participation of key pathways such as the nectin adhesion pathway, TRAIL signaling pathway, and integrin signaling pathways. These findings not only pave the way for future investigations into early detection and targeted therapeutic approaches but also underscore the fundamental role of proteomics in advancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning urogenital cancer pathogenesis. Ultimately, these findings hold remarkable potential to significantly enhance patient care and improve clinical outcomes.
泌尿生殖系统癌症，包括前列腺癌、膀胱癌和肾癌，对全球癌症相关的发病率和死亡率具有重大影响。蛋白质组学生物标志物作为有价值的工具，旨在提升早期检测能力、预后准确性以及个性化治疗策略的开发。本研究对现有文献进行了全面的系统性回顾与荟萃分析，探讨了血浆、组织和尿液样本中蛋白质组学生物标志物在泌尿生殖系统癌症中的作用与潜力。通过对多个数据库的广泛检索，我们从37项研究中识别出1879个差异表达蛋白，表明它们可能作为这些癌症的特异性生物标志物。我们对显著差异表达蛋白进行了荟萃分析，并通过直观的火山图突出了研究结果。功能富集分析揭示了这些蛋白在多种生物过程中的重要作用，包括信号转导、免疫应答、细胞通讯和细胞生长。通路分析进一步强调了关键通路的参与，如NECTIN粘附通路、TRAIL信号通路和整合素信号通路。这些发现不仅为未来探索早期检测和靶向治疗方法奠定了基础，也凸显了蛋白质组学在深化我们对泌尿生殖系统癌症发病分子机制理解中的核心作用。最终，这些研究成果展现出显著潜力，有望大幅提升患者护理水平并改善临床预后。
Deciphering Urogenital Cancers through Proteomic Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家