Cell-based immunotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) encounters major challenges due to the infiltration-resistant and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). γδ T cells, unconventional T cells expressing the characteristic γδ T cell receptor, have demonstrated promise in overcoming these challenges, suggesting great immunotherapeutic potential. This review presents the role of γδ T cells in GBM and proposes several research avenues for future studies. Using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and JSTOR databases, we performed a review of the literature studying the biology of γδ T cells and their role in GBM treatment. We identified 15 studies focused on γδ T cells in human GBM. Infiltrative γδ T cells can incite antitumor immune responses in certain TMEs, though rapid tumor progression and TME hypoxia may impact the extent of tumor suppression. In the studies, available findings have shown both the potential for robust antitumor activity and the risk of protumor activity. While γδ T cells have potential as a therapeutic agent against GBM, the technical challenges of extracting, isolating, and expanding γδ T cells, and the activation of antitumoral versus protumoral cascades, remain barriers to their application. Overcoming these limitations may transform γδ T cells into a promising immunotherapy in GBM.
基于细胞的胶质母细胞瘤免疫疗法因肿瘤微环境具有抗浸润性和免疫抑制特性而面临重大挑战。γδ T细胞作为表达特征性γδ T细胞受体的非常规T细胞，在克服这些挑战方面展现出潜力，显示出巨大的免疫治疗前景。本综述阐述了γδ T细胞在胶质母细胞瘤中的作用，并提出了未来研究的若干方向。通过检索PubMed、ScienceDirect和JSTOR数据库，我们对研究γδ T细胞生物学特性及其在胶质母细胞瘤治疗中作用的文献进行了系统性回顾。共筛选出15项针对人类胶质母细胞瘤中γδ T细胞的研究。浸润性γδ T细胞在特定肿瘤微环境中能够激发抗肿瘤免疫应答，但肿瘤快速进展及肿瘤微环境缺氧可能影响其抑瘤效果。现有研究数据显示，γδ T细胞既可能表现出强大的抗肿瘤活性，也存在促肿瘤活动的风险。虽然γδ T细胞具有作为胶质母细胞瘤治疗药物的潜力，但其提取、分离和扩增的技术难题，以及抗肿瘤级联反应与促肿瘤级联反应的激活调控问题，仍是临床应用的主要障碍。突破这些限制可能使γδ T细胞发展成为胶质母细胞瘤领域极具前景的免疫疗法。
The Role of γδ T-Lymphocytes in Glioblastoma: Current Trends and Future Directions
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家