Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. The disease is often diagnosed after wide-spread dissemination, and the standard treatment combines aggressive surgery with platinum-based chemotherapy; however, most patients experience relapse in the form of peritoneal carcinomatosis, resulting in a 5-year mortality below 45%. There is clearly a need for the development of novel treatments and cancer immunotherapies offering a different approach. Immunotherapies have demonstrated their efficacy in many types of cancers; however, only <15% of EOC patients show any evidence of response. One of the main barriers behind the poor therapeutic outcome is the reduced expression of Major Histocompatibility Complexes class I (MHC I) which occurs in approximately 60% of EOC cases. This review aims to gather and enhance our current understanding of EOC, focusing on its distinct cancer characteristics related to MHC I expression, immunogenicity, antigen presentation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and various ongoing immunotherapeutic strategies designed to stimulate antitumor immunity.
上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）是致死率最高的妇科恶性肿瘤。该疾病通常在广泛扩散后才被诊断，标准治疗方案包括积极手术联合铂类化疗；然而，大多数患者会以腹膜癌的形式复发，导致五年生存率低于45%。显然，亟需开发新型治疗方案，而癌症免疫疗法为此提供了不同的治疗途径。免疫疗法已在多种癌症中证实其疗效，但在EOC患者中，仅有不足15%的患者显示出治疗反应。疗效不佳的主要障碍之一在于主要组织相容性复合体I类（MHC I）表达降低，这种现象约发生于60%的EOC病例中。本综述旨在整合并深化当前对EOC的认识，重点关注其与MHC I表达、免疫原性、抗原呈递、上皮-间质转化相关的独特癌症特征，以及旨在激发抗肿瘤免疫的各种正在进行中的免疫治疗策略。
Unveiling the Immunogenicity of Ovarian Tumors as the Crucial Catalyst for Therapeutic Success
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家