文章：

外阴癌中近距离放射治疗的地位：一项叙述性综述

Is There a Place for Brachytherapy in Vulvar Cancer? A Narrative Review

原文发布日期：25 November 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235581

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Vulvar cancer is a relatively rare neoplasm. The essential treatment is surgery for the primary tumour. However, postoperative recurrence rates are high, even in early-stage disease when tumour-free surgical margins are achieved or in the absence of associated risk factors (lymph node metastases, deep stromal invasion or invasion of the lymphatic vascular space). Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of vulvar cancer. Adjuvant treatment after surgery as well as primary treatment of locally advanced vulvar cancer (LAVC) is composed of two key radiotherapy treatment scenarios, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) either combined or not combined with brachytherapy (BT). In a recurrence setting, where surgery is not an option, BT alone or in combination with EBRT can be used. Compared to EBRT, BT has the radiobiological potential to improve dose to the target volume, minimise the dose to organs at risk, and facilitate hypofractionated-accelerated treatment. This narrative review presents recent data on the role of BT in the treatment of primary and/or recurrent vulvar cancer, including radiobiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects.

摘要翻译： 

外阴癌是一种相对罕见的恶性肿瘤，其核心治疗手段为原发性肿瘤的手术切除。然而，即使对于早期病例，在实现手术切缘阴性或不存在相关风险因素（淋巴结转移、深部间质浸润或淋巴血管间隙侵犯）的情况下，术后复发率仍然较高。放射治疗在外阴癌治疗中具有重要作用。术后辅助治疗及局部晚期外阴癌（LAVC）的初始治疗主要包含两种关键放疗方案：外照射放疗（EBRT）联合或不联合近距离放疗（BT）。对于无法手术的复发患者，可单独使用BT或联合EBRT进行治疗。相较于EBRT，BT具有放射生物学优势，能够提高靶区剂量，降低危及器官受照剂量，并有利于实施大分割加速治疗方案。本文通过叙述性综述，从放射生物学、临床及治疗学角度，系统阐述BT在原发性及复发性外阴癌治疗中的最新研究进展。

原文链接：

Is There a Place for Brachytherapy in Vulvar Cancer? A Narrative Review