文章：

谷氨酰胺酶GLS2在致癌过程中的双重作用

Two Faces of Glutaminase GLS2 in Carcinogenesis

原文发布日期：24 November 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235566

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

In rapidly proliferating cancer cells, glutamine is a major source of energy and building blocks. Increased glutamine uptake and enhanced glutaminolysis are key metabolic features of many cancers. Glutamine is metabolized by glutaminase (GA), which is encoded by two genes:GLSandGLS2. In contrast to isoforms arising from theGLSgene, which clearly act as oncoproteins, the role ofGLS2products in tumorigenesis is far from well understood. While in some cancer typesGLS2is overexpressed and drives cancer development, in some other types it is downregulated and behaves as a tumor suppressor gene. In this review, we describe the essential functions and regulatory mechanisms of human GLS2 and the cellular compartments in which GLS2 has been localized. Furthermore, we present the context-dependent oncogenic and tumor-suppressor properties of GLS2, and delve into the mechanisms underlying these phenomena.

摘要翻译： 

在快速增殖的癌细胞中，谷氨酰胺是能量和生物合成原料的重要来源。谷氨酰胺摄取增加和谷氨酰胺分解增强是许多癌症的关键代谢特征。谷氨酰胺通过谷氨酰胺酶（GA）代谢，该酶由两个基因编码：GLS和GLS2。与源自GLS基因的异构体（其明确作为癌蛋白发挥作用）相反，GLS2产物在肿瘤发生中的作用远未得到充分理解。在某些癌症类型中，GLS2过表达并驱动癌症发展，而在其他一些类型中，它被下调并表现为肿瘤抑制基因。在本综述中，我们描述了人GLS2的基本功能和调控机制，以及GLS2定位的细胞区室。此外，我们阐述了GLS2依赖于具体情境的致癌和肿瘤抑制特性，并深入探讨了这些现象背后的机制。

原文链接：

Two Faces of Glutaminase GLS2 in Carcinogenesis