Regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein lacking the EF-hand motif, was initially discovered in 1978. Its name is indicative of its function in calcium signaling regulation. Thergngene encodes for regucalcin and is situated on the X chromosome in both humans and vertebrates. Regucalcin regulates pivotal enzymes involved in signal transduction and has an inhibitory function, which includes protein kinases, protein phosphatases, cysteinyl protease, nitric oxide dynthetase, aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase, and protein synthesis. This cytoplasmic protein is transported to the nucleus where it regulates deoxyribonucleic acid and RNA synthesis as well as gene expression. Overexpression of regucalcin inhibits proliferation in both normal and cancer cells in vitro, independent of apoptosis. During liver regeneration in vivo, endogenous regucalcin suppresses cell growth when overexpressed. Regucalcin mRNA and protein expressions are significantly downregulated in tumor tissues of patients with various types of cancers. Patients exhibiting upregulated regucalcin in tumor tissue have shown prolonged survival. The decrease of regucalcin expression is linked to the advancement of cancer. Overexpression of regucalcin carries the potential for preventing and treating carcinogenesis. Additionally, extracellular regucalcin has displayed control over various types of human cancer cells. Regucalcin may hold a prominent role as a regulatory factor in cancer development. Supplying the regucalcin gene could prove to be a valuable asset in cancer treatment. The therapeutic value of regucalcin suggests its potential significance in treating cancer patients. This review delves into the most recent research on the regulatory role of regucalcin in human cancer development, providing a novel approach for treatment.
Regucalcin是一种缺乏EF-hand结构域的钙结合蛋白，于1978年首次被发现。其名称揭示了其在钙信号调节中的功能。rgngene编码regucalcin，位于人类和脊椎动物的X染色体上。Regucalcin调控信号转导中的关键酶并具有抑制功能，包括蛋白激酶、蛋白磷酸酶、半胱氨酸蛋白酶、一氧化氮合酶、氨酰-tRNA合成酶以及蛋白质合成。这种胞质蛋白可转运至细胞核，在核内调控DNA和RNA合成以及基因表达。Regucalcin的过表达在体外能抑制正常细胞和癌细胞的增殖，且不依赖细胞凋亡途径。在体内肝脏再生过程中，内源性regucalcin的过表达可抑制细胞生长。在多种癌症患者的肿瘤组织中，regucalcin mRNA和蛋白表达均显著下调。肿瘤组织中regucalcin表达上调的患者表现出更长的生存期。Regucalcin表达的降低与癌症进展相关。Regucalcin的过表达具有预防和治疗癌变的潜力。此外，细胞外regucalcin已显示出对多种人类癌细胞的控制作用。Regucalcin可能在癌症发展中作为重要调控因子发挥作用。补充regucalcin基因可能成为癌症治疗的重要策略。Regucalcin的治疗价值表明其在癌症患者治疗中具有潜在重要意义。本综述深入探讨了regucalcin在人类癌症发展中的调控作用的最新研究，为治疗提供了新思路。
Regucalcin Is a Potential Regulator in Human Cancer: Aiming to Expand into Cancer Therapy
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家