Lung cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In recent years, checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (ICI) has emerged as a new treatment. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TMJ) or the immune system surrounding the tumor is needed. Cytokines are small proteins that carry messages between cells and are known to play an important role in the body’s response to inflammation and infection. Cytokines are important for immunity in lung cancer. They promote tumor growth (oncogenic cytokines) or inhibit tumor growth (anti-tumour cytokines) by controlling signaling pathways for growth, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. The immune system relies heavily on cytokines. They can also be produced in the laboratory for therapeutic use. Cytokine therapy helps the immune system to stop the growth or kill cancer cells. Interleukins and interferons are the two types of cytokines used to treat cancer. This article begins by addressing the role of the TMJ and its components in lung cancer. This review also highlights the functions of various cytokines such as interleukins (IL), transforming growth factor (TGF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
肺癌目前是全球癌症死亡的第二大原因。近年来，检查点抑制剂免疫疗法（ICI）已成为一种新的治疗手段。我们需要更深入地了解肿瘤微环境（TMJ）或肿瘤周围的免疫系统。细胞因子是在细胞间传递信息的小蛋白质，已知在机体对炎症和感染的反应中发挥重要作用。细胞因子对肺癌的免疫至关重要。它们通过控制生长、增殖、转移和凋亡的信号通路，促进肿瘤生长（致癌细胞因子）或抑制肿瘤生长（抗肿瘤细胞因子）。免疫系统在很大程度上依赖于细胞因子。它们也可以在实验室中生产用于治疗。细胞因子疗法帮助免疫系统阻止癌细胞的生长或杀死癌细胞。白细胞介素和干扰素是用于治疗癌症的两种细胞因子。本文首先探讨了TMJ及其成分在肺癌中的作用。本综述还重点介绍了各种细胞因子的功能，如白细胞介素（IL）、转化生长因子（TGF）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）。
Cytokine Profile in Lung Cancer Patients: Anti-Tumor and Oncogenic Cytokines
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家