Background: In addition to pharmacological prevention, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) can be mitigated through patient education; written supporting materials can be beneficial. Methods: This is a randomized, controlled trial which randomly assigned patients undergoing first chemotherapy cycle to receive oral information regarding CINV prevention and management (control arm) or oral information plus an informative booklet (experimental arm). Overall, 384 cancer patients fulfilling the following inclusion criteria were enrolled: age ≥18 years; life expectancy ≥6 months; no cognitive impairment; written informed consent. After the first cycle, CINV occurrence and its impact on daily activities were assessed using the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE). Results: Severe nausea was self-reported by 3.0% and 10.8% of patients in the experimental and control group, respectively (difference: 7.8%; 95% confidence interval: 2.3% to 13.1%). Moderate/high impact of nausea on daily activities was lower in patients also receiving the booklet than in the control group (4.2% and 10.1%, respectively; difference: 5.9%; 95% confidence interval: 0.3% to 11.5%). Vomiting was not statistically different between study arms. Conclusions: This integrated nursing approach was effective in aiding cancer patients in CINV self-management. Although the beneficial effect was moderate, this intervention demands minimal resources in terms of costs and time.
背景：除药物预防外，化疗所致恶心呕吐（CINV）可通过患者教育得到缓解；书面辅助材料可能具有积极作用。方法：本研究为一项随机对照试验，将首次接受化疗的患者随机分配至两组：对照组接受CINV预防与管理的口头指导，实验组在口头指导基础上额外获得宣教手册。共纳入384例符合以下标准的癌症患者：年龄≥18岁；预期生存期≥6个月；无认知功能障碍；签署书面知情同意书。首个化疗周期结束后，采用呕吐功能生活指数量表（FLIE）评估CINV发生情况及其对日常生活的影响。结果：实验组与对照组患者自我报告重度恶心的比例分别为3.0%和10.8%（差值：7.8%；95%置信区间：2.3%至13.1%）。恶心对日常生活产生中/高度影响的患者比例在实验组显著低于对照组（分别为4.2%和10.1%；差值：5.9%；95%置信区间：0.3%至11.5%）。两组间呕吐发生率无统计学差异。结论：这种综合性护理干预能有效辅助癌症患者进行CINV自我管理。虽然获益程度有限，但该干预措施在成本与时间资源方面需求极低。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家