Death domain-associated protein (DAXX) and Holliday junction recognition protein (HJURP) act as chaperones of H3 histone variants H3.3 and centromere protein A (CENPA), respectively, and are implicated in many physiological processes, including aging and epigenetic regulation, by controlling various genes’ transcription and subsequently protein expression. Research has highlighted both these biomolecules as participants in key procedures of tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, chromosome instability, and oncogene expression. As cancer continues to exert a heavy impact on patients’ well-being and bears substantial socioeconomic ramifications, the discovery of novel biomarkers for timely disease detection, estimation of prognosis, and therapy monitoring remains of utmost importance. In the present review, we present data reported from studies investigating DAXX and HJURP expression, either on mRNA or protein level, in human tissue samples from various types of neoplasia. Of note, the expression of DAXX and HJURP has been associated with a multitude of clinicopathological parameters, including disease stage, tumor grade, patients’ overall and disease-free survival, as well as lymphovascular invasion. The data reveal the tumor-promoting properties of DAXX and HJURP in a number of organs as well as their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers and underline the important association between aberrations in their expression and patients’ prognosis, rendering them as possible targets of future, personalized and precise therapeutic interventions.
死亡结构域相关蛋白（DAXX）和霍利迪连接识别蛋白（HJURP）分别作为组蛋白变体H3.3和着丝粒蛋白A（CENPA）的分子伴侣，通过调控多种基因的转录及后续蛋白表达，参与衰老和表观遗传调控等众多生理过程。研究表明，这两种生物分子在肿瘤发生的关键过程中发挥作用，包括细胞增殖、染色体不稳定性和癌基因表达。鉴于癌症持续严重影响患者健康并带来重大社会经济负担，发现用于疾病及时检测、预后评估和治疗监测的新型生物标志物至关重要。本综述汇总了关于DAXX和HJURP在多种人类肿瘤组织样本中mRNA或蛋白水平表达的研究数据。值得注意的是，DAXX和HJURP的表达与多种临床病理参数相关，包括疾病分期、肿瘤分级、患者总生存期和无病生存期以及淋巴血管侵犯。数据揭示了DAXX和HJURP在多个器官中的促肿瘤特性及其作为诊断生物标志物的潜在价值，并强调了其表达异常与患者预后的重要关联，使其可能成为未来个性化精准治疗的潜在靶点。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家