The use of topical and intralesional immunotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous malignant neoplasia in sensitive areas such as the lips and eyelids is discussed. Surgery may not be feasible or may result in deformities in these areas, making alternative treatment options necessary. A narrative literature review was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed) as the main literature database, collecting available evidence of experiences with various topical and intralesional therapies in the aforementioned anatomical locations, ranging from case reports to clinical trials. The clearance rates and potential adverse reactions of therapeutic options such as imiquimod 5%, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), photodynamic therapy (PDT), ingenol mebutate (IM), diclofenac, intralesional methotrexate, and interferon are reviewed. Although limited by their heterogeneity and the scarcity of clinical trials, these studies point towards promising response rates and minimal adverse effects, making these treatments viable options in selected cases.
本文探讨了局部及病灶内免疫疗法在唇部、眼睑等敏感区域皮肤恶性肿瘤治疗中的应用。由于手术在这些部位可能无法实施或导致畸形，因此需要寻求替代治疗方案。本研究以MEDLINE（PubMed）为主要文献数据库进行叙述性文献综述，收集了从病例报告到临床试验等不同层级的研究证据，涵盖上述解剖部位各类局部及病灶内治疗方法的实践经验。研究系统回顾了5%咪喹莫特、5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）、光动力疗法（PDT）、ingenol mebutate（IM）、双氯芬酸、病灶内甲氨蝶呤及干扰素等治疗方案的清除率及潜在不良反应。尽管现有研究存在异质性且临床试验数量有限，但数据显示这些疗法具有可观的应答率和轻微的不良反应，使其成为特定病例的可行治疗选择。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家