Biomarkers are biomolecules used to identify or predict the presence of a specific disease or condition. They play an important role in early diagnosis and may be crucial for treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group of small non-coding RNAs, are more and more regarded as promising biomarkers for several reasons. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked with development of several diseases, including many different types of cancer, and abnormal levels can be present in early stages of tumor development. Because miRNAs are stable molecules secreted and freely circulating in blood and urine, they can be sampled with little or no invasion. Here, we present an overview of the current literature, focusing on the types of cancers for which dysregulation of miR-665 has been associated with disease progression, recurrence, and/or prognosis. It needs to be emphasized that the role of miR-665 sometimes seems ambiguous, in the sense that it can be upregulated in one cancer type and downregulated in another and can even change during the progression of the same cancer. Caution is thus needed before using miR-665 as a biomarker, and extrapolation between different cancer types is not advisable. Moreover, more detailed understanding of the different roles of miR-665 will help in determining its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
生物标志物是用于识别或预测特定疾病或状况存在的生物分子，在早期诊断中发挥重要作用，并可能对治疗至关重要。微小RNA（miRNA）作为一类小型非编码RNA，因其多方面的优势日益被视为极具潜力的生物标志物。miRNA的失调与多种疾病的发生发展相关，包括多种不同类型的癌症，且在肿瘤发展的早期阶段即可出现异常表达水平。由于miRNA是稳定分子，可分泌并自由循环于血液和尿液中，因此能够以微创或无创方式进行采样。本文综述了当前文献，重点关注miR-665失调与疾病进展、复发和/或预后相关的癌症类型。需要强调的是，miR-665的作用有时显得较为复杂——在某些癌症类型中表达上调，在另一些类型中却下调，甚至在同一癌症的进展过程中发生动态变化。因此，将miR-665作为生物标志物需持审慎态度，不建议在不同癌症类型间进行简单外推。此外，更深入地理解miR-665的不同作用机制，将有助于确定其作为诊断和预后生物标志物的潜力。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家