Lung cancer represent the leading cause of cancer mortality, so several efforts have been focused on the development of a screening program. To address the issue of high overdiagnosis and false positive rates associated to LDCT-based screening, there is a need for new diagnostic biomarkers, with liquid biopsy ncRNAs detection emerging as a promising approach. In this scenario, this work provides an updated summary of the literature evidence about the role of non-coding RNAs in lung cancer screening. A literature search on PubMed was performed including studies which investigated liquid biopsy non-coding RNAs biomarker lung cancer patients and a control cohort. Micro RNAs were the most widely studied biomarkers in this setting but some preliminary evidence was found also for other non-coding RNAs, suggesting that a multi-biomarker based liquid biopsy approach could enhance their efficacy in the screening context. However, further studies are needed in order to optimize detection techniques as well as diagnostic accuracy before introducing novel biomarkers in the early diagnosis setting.
肺癌是癌症死亡的主要原因，因此多项研究致力于开发筛查方案。为解决基于低剂量计算机断层扫描（LDCT）筛查中过度诊断和假阳性率高的问题，亟需寻找新的诊断生物标志物，其中液体活检非编码RNA检测成为一种前景广阔的方法。在此背景下，本文对非编码RNA在肺癌筛查中作用的文献证据进行了最新综述。通过在PubMed数据库进行文献检索，纳入了针对肺癌患者和对照人群开展液体活检非编码RNA生物标志物研究的相关文献。在此领域中，微小RNA是研究最广泛的生物标志物，但其他非编码RNA也显示出初步证据，表明基于多生物标志物的液体活检方法可提升筛查效能。然而，在将新型生物标志物应用于早期诊断前，仍需进一步优化检测技术并提高诊断准确性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家