Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type in women and the second leading cause of death. Despite recent advances, the mortality rate of BC is still high, highlighting a need to develop new treatment strategies including the modulation of the immune system and immunotherapies. In this regard, understanding the complex function of the involved immune cells and their crosstalk with tumor cells is of great importance. T-cells are recognized as the most important cells in the tumor microenvironment and are divided into several subtypes including helper, cytotoxic, and regulatory T-cells according to their transcription factors, markers, and functions. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the role of T-cell subsets in the prognosis and treatment of patients with BC, and crosstalk between tumor cells and T-cells. The literature overwhelmingly contains controversial findings mainly due to the plasticity of T-cell subsets within the inflammatory conditions and the use of different panels for their phenotyping. However, investigating the role of T-cells in BC immunity depends on a variety of factors including tumor types or subtypes, the stage of the disease, the localization of the cells in the tumor tissue and the presence of different cells or cytokines.
乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤类型，也是导致死亡的第二大原因。尽管近年来取得了一定进展，但乳腺癌的死亡率仍然居高不下，这凸显了开发包括免疫系统调节和免疫疗法在内的新型治疗策略的必要性。在此背景下，深入理解相关免疫细胞的复杂功能及其与肿瘤细胞的相互作用至关重要。T细胞被认为是肿瘤微环境中最重要的免疫细胞，根据其转录因子、表面标志物和功能可分为辅助性T细胞、细胞毒性T细胞和调节性T细胞等多种亚型。本文旨在系统综述T细胞亚群在乳腺癌患者预后评估和治疗中的作用，以及肿瘤细胞与T细胞之间的相互作用机制。现有文献中存在大量相互矛盾的研究结果，这主要源于炎症条件下T细胞亚群的可塑性特征以及不同研究采用的分型标志物组合存在差异。然而，探究T细胞在乳腺癌免疫中的作用需综合考虑多种因素，包括肿瘤类型或亚型、疾病发展阶段、细胞在肿瘤组织中的定位以及不同细胞或细胞因子的存在情况。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家