文章：

前列腺癌中的核雌激素受体：从基因到功能

Nuclear Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer: From Genes to Function

原文发布日期：20 September 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184653

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Estrogens are almost ubiquitous steroid hormones that are essential for development, metabolism, and reproduction. They exert both genomic and non-genomic action through two nuclear receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are transcription factors with disregulated functions and/or expression in pathological processes. In the 1990s, the discovery of an additional membrane estrogen G-protein-coupled receptor augmented the complexity of this picture. Increasing evidence elucidating the specific molecular mechanisms of action and opposing effects of ERα and Erβ was reported in the context of prostate cancer treatment, where these issues are increasingly investigated. Although new approaches improved the efficacy of clinical therapies thanks to the development of new molecules targeting specifically estrogen receptors and used in combination with immunotherapy, more efforts are needed to overcome the main drawbacks, and resistance events will be a challenge in the coming years. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art on ERα and ERβ mechanisms of action in prostate cancer and promising future therapies.

摘要翻译： 

雌激素是几乎无处不在的类固醇激素，对发育、代谢和生殖至关重要。它们通过两种核受体（ERα和ERβ）发挥基因组和非基因组作用，这两种受体作为转录因子，在病理过程中功能及/或表达失调。20世纪90年代，一种额外的膜雌激素G蛋白偶联受体的发现增加了这一图景的复杂性。在前列腺癌治疗领域，越来越多的证据阐明了ERα和ERβ的具体分子机制及相反作用，相关研究日益深入。尽管通过开发特异性靶向雌激素受体并与免疫疗法联合应用的新分子，新方法提高了临床治疗的效果，但仍需更多努力克服主要缺陷，耐药事件在未来几年仍将是一项挑战。本综述总结了ERα和ERβ在前列腺癌中作用机制的最新研究进展及未来有前景的治疗策略。

原文链接：

Nuclear Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer: From Genes to Function