Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is more prevalent among some racial and ethnic minority and low socioeconomic status populations. Although the gut microbiota is a risk factor for CRC and varies with race and ethnicity, its role in CRC disparities remains poorly understood. Methods: We examined the feasibility of recruiting sociodemographically diverse CRC patients for a microbiome study involving a home stool collection. We also explored whether race and ethnicity were associated with gut microbiome composition. We recruited Black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, and non-Hispanic White patients who were receiving care for active CRC to complete a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle survey, self-collect a stool sample, and complete an exit interview. Gut microbial diversity and composition were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: 30 individuals consented (of 35 who were eligible and contacted) with 5 (17%) Black/African American, 11 (37%) Hispanic/Latino, and 14 (46%) non-Hispanic White. A total of 22 (73%) completed the dietary and lifestyle survey; 18 (63%) returned a stool sample. Even after controlling for socioeconomic, dietary, or treatment-related covariates, microbiome composition was associated with race and ethnicity. Fusobacteriota (a phylum associated with the development and progression of CRC) was significantly higher in the Black/African American group compared to others, and microbial diversity was higher in samples from non-Hispanic White individuals compared to Hispanic/Latino individuals. Conclusion: Our study shows that it is feasible to recruit and collect stool samples from diverse individuals with CRC and found significant associations in gut microbial structure with race and ethnicity.
背景：结直肠癌在某些种族、少数族裔及社会经济地位较低的人群中更为普遍。尽管肠道微生物群是结直肠癌的风险因素，且其组成因种族和民族而异，但它在结直肠癌差异中的作用仍知之甚少。方法：我们评估了招募不同社会人口学特征的结直肠癌患者参与一项涉及居家粪便采集的微生物组研究的可行性，并探讨了种族和民族是否与肠道微生物组构成相关。我们招募了正在接受活动性结直肠癌治疗的黑人/非裔美国人、西班牙裔/拉丁裔和非西班牙裔白人患者，要求他们完成全面的饮食与生活方式调查、自行采集粪便样本并参与退出访谈。通过16S rRNA基因测序分析肠道微生物多样性和组成。结果：在符合条件并联系的35人中，有30人同意参与，其中黑人/非裔美国人5人（17%）、西班牙裔/拉丁裔11人（37%）、非西班牙裔白人14人（46%）。共有22人（73%）完成了饮食与生活方式调查；18人（63%）返回了粪便样本。即使在控制了社会经济、饮食或治疗相关的协变量后，微生物组构成仍与种族和民族显著相关。与其他组相比，黑人/非裔美国人组的梭杆菌门（与结直肠癌发生发展相关的一个门）丰度显著更高；而非西班牙裔白人个体的样本微生物多样性高于西班牙裔/拉丁裔个体。结论：我们的研究表明，从不同背景的结直肠癌患者中招募并采集粪便样本是可行的，并发现肠道微生物结构与种族和民族存在显著关联。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家