Immunotherapy has shown promise as a treatment option for gastroesophageal cancer, but its effectiveness is limited in many patients due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) commonly found in gastrointestinal tumors. This paper explores the impact of the microbiome on the TME and immunotherapy outcomes in gastroesophageal cancer. The microbiome, comprising microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract, as well as within malignant tissue, plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses and tumor development. Dysbiosis and reduced microbial diversity are associated with poor response rates and treatment resistance, while specific microbial profiles correlate with improved outcomes. Understanding the complex interactions between the microbiome, tumor biology, and immunotherapy is crucial for developing targeted interventions. Microbiome-based biomarkers may enable personalized treatment approaches and prediction of patient response. Interventions targeting the microbiome, such as microbiota-based therapeutics and dietary modifications, offer the potential for reshaping the gut microbiota and creating a favorable TME that enhances immunotherapy efficacy. Further research is needed to reveal the underlying mechanisms, and large-scale clinical trials will be required to validate the efficacy of microbiome-targeted interventions.
免疫疗法作为胃食管癌的治疗方案已展现出潜力，但其疗效因胃肠道肿瘤普遍存在的免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境而在许多患者中受限。本文探讨了微生物组对胃食管癌肿瘤微环境及免疫治疗结局的影响。微生物组包含胃肠道及恶性组织内的微生物群落，在调节免疫反应和肿瘤发展中起着关键作用。菌群失调和微生物多样性降低与低应答率及治疗耐药性相关，而特定的微生物特征则与改善的临床结局相关。理解微生物组、肿瘤生物学和免疫疗法之间复杂的相互作用对于开发靶向干预措施至关重要。基于微生物组的生物标志物可能实现个体化治疗策略及患者应答预测。针对微生物组的干预措施，如基于微生物群的疗法和饮食调整，为重塑肠道菌群、创造有利于增强免疫治疗效果的肿瘤微环境提供了可能。未来需要进一步研究揭示其内在机制，并通过大规模临床试验验证微生物组靶向干预措施的有效性。
The Influence of the Microbiome on Immunotherapy for Gastroesophageal Cancer
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家