Background: The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the quality of reporting of recruitment and retention methods in diet-related intervention trials among cancer survivors. Methods: A systematic search of five databases in Spring 2023 identified dietary intervention randomized controlled trials with a minimum of 50 cancer survivors, an intervention of at least eight weeks, and at least six months of study duration. Outcomes investigated include methodologic description and reporting of recruitment and retention rates. Results: Seventeen trials met inclusion criteria. Recruitment methods included cancer registry and clinician referral, hospital records, flyers, and media campaigns, and were reported in 88.2% of studies. Eleven of 17 studies (64.7%) met a priori recruitment goals. Eleven studies identified an a priori retention goal and seven met the goal. Retention goals were met more often for studies of less than one year (71.4%) versus greater than one year (50%), and for studies with remote or hybrid delivery (66.7%) versus only in-person delivery (50%). Conclusions: Recruitment goals and methods are frequently reported; reporting of retention methods and goals is limited. Efforts are needed to improve reporting of retention methods and rates to inform best practices and enhance the rigor of future dietary intervention trials.
背景：本综述旨在系统评估癌症幸存者饮食干预试验中招募与保留方法报告的质量。方法：通过2023年春季对五个数据库的系统检索，筛选出符合以下标准的饮食干预随机对照试验：至少包含50名癌症幸存者、干预周期不少于八周、研究总时长至少六个月。研究结果重点关注招募与保留率的方法学描述及报告情况。结果：共纳入17项符合标准的试验。招募方法包括癌症登记系统与临床医生转介、医院病历记录、宣传单页及媒体推广，其中88.2%的研究报告了具体招募方式。17项研究中有11项（64.7%）达到预设招募目标；11项研究设定了预设保留目标，其中7项达成目标。研究时长不足一年的试验保留目标达成率（71.4%）高于超过一年的试验（50%），采用远程或混合干预模式的试验（66.7%）保留目标达成率高于仅采用面对面模式的试验（50%）。结论：现有研究对招募目标与方法的报告较为普遍，但对保留方法与目标的报告仍显不足。未来需加强保留方法与保留率的规范化报告，以确立最佳实践标准，提升饮食干预试验的科学严谨性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家