Background: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been utilized since 1990s for targeted cancer treatment. Our study examined the Measles–Mumps–Rubella (MMR) vaccine’s cancer-killing potency against Glioblastoma (GBM), a therapy-resistant, aggressive cancer type. Methodology: We used GBM cell lines, primary GBM cells, and normal mice microglial cells, to assess the MMR vaccine’s efficacy through cell viability, cell cycle analysis, intracellular viral load via RT-PCR, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Results: After 72 h of MMR treatment, GBM cell lines and primary GBM cells exhibited significant viability reduction compared to untreated cells. Conversely, normal microglial cells showed only minor changes in viability and morphology. Intracellular viral load tests indicated GBM cells’ increased sensitivity to MMR viruses compared to normal cells. The cell cycle study also revealed measles and mumps viruses’ crucial role in cytopathic effects, with the rubella virus causing cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Herein the reported results demonstrate the anti-cancer activity of the MMR vaccine against GBM cells. Accordingly, the MMR vaccine warrants further study as a potential new tool for GBM therapy and relapse prevention. Therapeutic potential of the MMR vaccine has been found to be promising in earlier studies as well.
背景：自20世纪90年代以来，溶瘤病毒已被用于靶向癌症治疗。本研究探讨了麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗对胶质母细胞瘤（一种治疗抵抗性、侵袭性癌症类型）的杀伤效力。方法：我们使用GBM细胞系、原代GBM细胞和正常小鼠小胶质细胞，通过细胞活力测定、细胞周期分析、RT-PCR检测细胞内病毒载量以及透射电子显微镜（TEM）评估MMR疫苗的疗效。结果：MMR处理72小时后，与未处理细胞相比，GBM细胞系和原代GBM细胞表现出显著的活力降低。相反，正常小胶质细胞在活力和形态上仅显示轻微变化。细胞内病毒载量测试表明，与正常细胞相比，GBM细胞对MMR病毒的敏感性增加。细胞周期研究还揭示了麻疹和腮腺炎病毒在细胞病变效应中的关键作用，而风疹病毒则引起细胞周期停滞。结论：本文报告的结果证明了MMR疫苗对GBM细胞的抗癌活性。因此，MMR疫苗值得作为GBM治疗和预防复发的潜在新工具进行进一步研究。早期研究也发现MMR疫苗的治疗潜力颇具前景。
Anticancer Activity of Measles–Mumps–Rubella MMR Vaccine Viruses against Glioblastoma
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家