Introduction: Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, with the most frequent being breast cancer in women, prostate cancer in men and colon cancer in both sexes. The use of metabolomics to find new biomarkers can provide knowledge about possible interventions based on the presence of oncometabolites in different cancer types. Objectives: The primary purpose of this review is to analyze the characteristic metabolome of three of the most frequent cancer types. We further want to identify the existence and success rate of metabolomics-based intervention in patients suffering from those cancer types. Our conclusions are based on the analysis of the methodological quality of the studies. Methods: We searched for studies that investigated the metabolomic characteristics in patients suffering from breast cancer, prostate cancer or colon cancer in clinical trials. The data were analyzed, as well as the effects of specific interventions based on identified metabolomics and one or more oncometabolites. The used databases were PubMed, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, EBSCO and Cochrane Library. Only nine studies met the selection criteria. Study bias was analyzed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. This systematic review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42023401474). Results: Only nine studies about clinical trials were included in this review and show a moderate quality of evidence. Metabolomics-based interventions related with disease outcome were conflictive with no or small changes in the metabolic characteristics of the different cancer types. Conclusions: This systematic review shows some interesting results related with metabolomics-based interventions and their effects on changes in certain cancer oncometabolites. The small number of studies we identified which fulfilled our inclusion criteria in this systematic review does not allow us to draw definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, some results can be considered as promising although further research is needed. That research must focus not only on the presence of possible oncometabolites but also on possible metabolomics-based interventions and their influence on the outcome in patients suffering from breast cancer, prostate cancer or colon cancer.
引言：癌症是全球范围内主要的死亡原因，其中女性中最常见的是乳腺癌，男性中最常见的是前列腺癌，而结直肠癌则在两性中均高发。运用代谢组学寻找新的生物标志物，能够基于不同癌症类型中癌代谢物的存在，为可能的干预措施提供知识基础。目的：本综述的主要目的是分析三种最常见癌症类型的特征性代谢组。我们进一步希望确定基于代谢组学的干预措施在这些癌症患者中的存在情况及成功率。我们的结论基于对研究方法学质量的分析。方法：我们检索了在临床试验中研究乳腺癌、前列腺癌或结直肠癌患者代谢组学特征的研究。分析了相关数据，以及基于已识别的代谢组学和一种或多种癌代谢物所采取的具体干预措施的效果。使用的数据库包括PubMed、Virtual Health Library、Web of Science、EBSCO和Cochrane Library。仅有九项研究符合选择标准。研究偏倚采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具进行分析。本系统综述方案已在国际前瞻性系统综述注册平台注册（PROSPERO：CRD42023401474）。结果：本综述仅纳入九项关于临床试验的研究，显示证据质量中等。基于代谢组学的干预措施与疾病结局的相关性存在矛盾，在不同癌症类型的代谢特征上未观察到变化或仅观察到微小变化。结论：本系统综述显示了一些与基于代谢组学的干预措施及其对特定癌症癌代谢物变化影响相关的有趣结果。由于本系统综述中符合纳入标准的研究数量较少，我们无法得出确定性结论。尽管如此，部分结果可被视为具有前景，但仍需进一步研究。未来的研究不仅应关注可能的癌代谢物的存在，还应聚焦于基于代谢组学的可能干预措施及其对乳腺癌、前列腺癌或结直肠癌患者结局的影响。
Effectiveness of Treatments That Alter Metabolomics in Cancer Patients—A Systematic Review
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家