Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of death from cancer worldwide, with increasing incidence in the Western world. Diet has become the focus of research as a significant risk factor for CRC occurrence, and the role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has become an area of interest given their potential role in modulating inflammation, particularly in the pro-carcinogenic inflammatory environment of the colon. This work reviews the main types of PUFAs, their characteristics, structure, and physiologic role. We then highlight their potential role in preventing CRC, their signaling function vis-à-vis tumorigenic signaling, and their subsequent potential role in modulating response to different treatment modalities. We review pre-clinical and clinical data and discuss their potential use as adjunct therapies to currently existing treatment modalities. Given our understanding of PUFAs’ immune and inflammation modulatory effects, we explore the possible combination of PUFAs with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other targeted therapies.
结直肠癌（CRC）仍是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一，其在西方国家的发病率持续上升。饮食作为结直肠癌发生的重要风险因素已成为研究焦点，而膳食多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）因其在调节炎症（尤其是结肠促癌性炎症微环境）中的潜在作用而备受关注。本文系统综述了多不饱和脂肪酸的主要类型、特征、结构及生理功能，重点阐述其在预防结直肠癌方面的潜在作用、对致癌信号通路的调控功能，以及其在调节不同治疗方案反应性中的潜在价值。通过梳理临床前与临床研究数据，探讨了多不饱和脂肪酸作为现有治疗辅助手段的应用前景。基于对多不饱和脂肪酸免疫调节与炎症调控作用的认识，本文进一步探索其与免疫检查点抑制剂及其他靶向疗法联合应用的可能性。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家