Glioblastoma is a disease with a poor prognosis. Multiple efforts have been made to improve the long-term outcome, but the 5-year survival rate is still 5–10%. Recurrence of the disease is the usual way of progression. In this situation, there is no standard treatment. Different treatment options can be considered. Among them would be reoperation or reirradiation. There are different studies that have assessed the impact on survival and the selection of patients who may benefit most from these strategies. Chemotherapy treatments have also been considered in several studies, mainly with alkylating agents, with data mostly from phase II studies. On the other hand, multiple studies have been carried out with target-directed treatments. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody with anti-angiogenic activity, has demonstrated activity in several studies, and the FDA has approved it for this indication. Several other TKI drugs have been evaluated in this setting, but no clear benefit has been demonstrated. Immunotherapy treatments have been shown to be effective in other types of tumors, and several studies have evaluated their efficacy in this disease, both immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses, and vaccines. This paper reviews data from different studies that have evaluated the efficacy of different forms of relapsed glioblastoma.
胶质母细胞瘤是一种预后较差的疾病。尽管已有多项努力旨在改善其长期预后，但五年生存率仍仅为5%至10%。疾病复发是其常见的进展方式。在此情况下，尚无标准化治疗方案，但可考虑多种治疗选择，包括再次手术或再程放疗。多项研究评估了这些策略对生存期的影响，并筛选出可能从中获益最大的患者群体。化疗方案（主要为烷化剂）也在多项研究中得到探讨，但相关数据多来自II期临床试验。另一方面，针对靶向治疗已开展大量研究：具有抗血管生成活性的单克隆抗体贝伐珠单抗在多项研究中显示出活性，并已获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于该适应症。此外，多种酪氨酸激酶抑制剂药物在此背景下接受评估，但尚未证实明确获益。免疫疗法在其他类型肿瘤中已显示疗效，多项研究通过免疫检查点抑制剂、溶瘤病毒及疫苗等方案评估其对本病的治疗效果。本文综述了评估不同复发型胶质母细胞瘤治疗方案疗效的各项研究数据。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家