Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological disease characterized by the dysfunction of the hematopoietic system that leads to arrest at a specific stage of stem cells development, suppressing the average production of cellular hematologic components. BCP-ALL is a neoplasm of the B-cell lineage progenitor. BCP-ALL is caused and perpetuated by several mechanisms that provide the disease with its tumor potential and genetic and cytological characteristics. These pathological features are used for diagnosis and the prognostication of BCP-ALL. However, most of these paraclinical tools can only be obtained by bone marrow aspiration, which, as it is an invasive study, can delay the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease, in addition to the anesthetic risk it entails for pediatric patients. For this reason, it is crucial to find noninvasive and accessible ways to supply information concerning diagnosis, prognosis, and the monitoring of the disease, such as circulating biomarkers. In oncology, a biomarker is any measurable indicator that demonstrates the presence of malignancy, tumoral behavior, prognosis, or responses to treatments. This review summarizes circulating molecules associated with BCP-ALL with potential diagnostic value, classificatory capacity during monitoring specific clinic features of the disease, and/or capacity to identify each BCP-ALL stage regarding its evolution and outcome of the patients with BCP-ALL. In the same way, we provide and classify biomarkers that may be used in further studies focused on clinical approaches or therapeutic target identification for BCP-ALL.
急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是一种血液系统疾病，其特征是造血系统功能障碍导致干细胞发育在特定阶段停滞，抑制了正常细胞性血液成分的生成。B细胞前体急性淋巴细胞白血病（BCP-ALL）是B细胞系前体细胞的恶性肿瘤。BCP-ALL的发生与持续存在涉及多种机制，这些机制赋予该疾病肿瘤潜能及遗传与细胞学特征。这些病理特征被用于BCP-ALL的诊断和预后评估。然而，大多数此类辅助临床检测手段仅能通过骨髓穿刺获取，由于该检查具有侵入性，可能延误疾病的诊断与随访，并对儿科患者带来麻醉风险。因此，寻找无创且易于获取的途径来提供关于疾病诊断、预后及监测的信息至关重要，例如循环生物标志物。在肿瘤学中，生物标志物是指任何可测量的指标，能够提示恶性肿瘤的存在、肿瘤行为、预后或对治疗的反应。本综述总结了与BCP-ALL相关的循环分子，这些分子具有潜在的诊断价值、在监测疾病特定临床特征时的分类能力，和/或能够识别BCP-ALL各疾病阶段及其患者转归的能力。同时，我们提供并对可能用于未来研究的生物标志物进行分类，这些研究可聚焦于BCP-ALL的临床诊疗方法或治疗靶点识别。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家