Breast cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death among women worldwide. In particular, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype because it is characterized by the absence of molecular targets, thus making it an orphan type of malignancy. The discovery of new molecular druggable targets is mandatory to improve treatment success. In that context, non-coding RNAs represent an opportunity for modulation of cancer. They are RNA molecules with apparently no protein coding potential, which have been already demonstrated to play pivotal roles within cells, being involved in different processes, such as proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, migration, and diseases, including cancer. Accordingly, they could be used as targets for future TNBC personalized therapy. Moreover, the peculiar characteristics of non-coding RNAs make them reliable biomarkers to monitor cancer treatment, thus, to monitor recurrence or chemoresistance, which are the most challenging aspects in TNBC. In the present review, we focused on the oncogenic or oncosuppressor role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) mostly involved in TNBC, highlighting their mode of action and depicting their potential role as a biomarker and/or as targets of new non-coding RNA-based therapeutics.
乳腺癌是全球女性癌症死亡的最常见原因之一。其中，三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）因其缺乏分子靶点而成为最具侵袭性的乳腺癌亚型，使其成为一种“孤儿”恶性肿瘤。为提高治疗成功率，发现新的可药物化分子靶点势在必行。在此背景下，非编码RNA为癌症调控提供了新的可能。这类RNA分子本身不具备蛋白质编码能力，但已被证实能在细胞内发挥关键作用，参与包括增殖、细胞周期调控、凋亡、迁移等多种生物学过程，并与包括癌症在内的多种疾病密切相关。因此，它们有望成为未来TNBC个体化治疗的靶点。此外，非编码RNA的独特性质使其成为监测癌症治疗、追踪复发或化疗耐药性的可靠生物标志物——这些正是TNBC治疗中最具挑战性的环节。本综述重点探讨在三阴性乳腺癌中主要起致癌或抑癌作用的长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA），阐明其作用机制，并阐述其作为生物标志物及新型非编码RNA疗法靶点的潜在价值。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家