Testicular cancer is common in young men, and early detection and multimodality treatment can lead to successful outcomes. This study aims to identify sociodemographic and risk factors associated with higher testicular cancer mortality and poorer survival rates, while examining the impact of diagnostic and treatment procedures on reducing mortality. The retrospective ecological study analyzed mortality data from testicular cancer in Brazil from 2001 to 2020. Sociodemographic variables such as marital status, age, birth period, year of death (cohort), race, and geographic region were assessed. Risk factors included cryptorchidism and pesticide exposure. Data were subjected to statistical analysis, which revealed an increasing trend in mortality after 2011 among persons born after 1976 in the 15–40 age group. Individuals in the South Region, whites, and singles had higher age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), while singles had lower survival rates. The Northeast region had a higher survival rate. Fungicides and insecticides increase ASMR in Brazil. Herbicides increase ASMR in the Northeast and Midwest regions and insecticides increase ASMR in the Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest regions. High rates of implementation of diagnostic procedures in the Midwest were not sufficient to reduce ASMR. No treatment procedure was associated with mortality at the national or regional level.
睾丸癌常见于年轻男性，早期发现与多模式治疗可获得良好预后。本研究旨在识别与睾丸癌死亡率升高及生存率降低相关的社会人口学特征及危险因素，同时评估诊断与治疗程序对降低死亡率的影响。这项回顾性生态学研究分析了巴西2001年至2020年睾丸癌死亡数据，评估了婚姻状况、年龄、出生时期、死亡年份（队列）、种族及地理区域等社会人口学变量，危险因素包括隐睾症和农药暴露。统计分析显示，2011年后1976年后出生的15-40岁人群死亡率呈上升趋势。南部地区居民、白种人及未婚者的年龄标准化死亡率较高，而未婚者生存率较低。东北部地区生存率较高。在巴西全国范围内，杀菌剂和杀虫剂会推高年龄标准化死亡率；除草剂在东北部和中西部地区、杀虫剂在东北部、东南部及中西部地区均会升高年龄标准化死亡率。中西部地区虽诊断程序实施率较高，但未能有效降低年龄标准化死亡率。在全国或区域层面，未发现任何治疗程序与死亡率存在显著关联。
Predictors of Testicular Cancer Mortality in Brazil: A 20-Year Ecological Study
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家