文章：

脂滴在致癌机制与治疗反应中的出现

Emergence of Lipid Droplets in the Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Responses

原文发布日期：14 August 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164100

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Cancer shares common risk factors with cardiovascular diseases such as dyslipidemia, obesity and inflammation. In both cases, dysregulations of lipid metabolism occur, and lipid vesicles emerge as important factors that can influence carcinogenesis. In this review, the role of different lipids known to be involved in cancer and its response to treatments is detailed. In particular, lipid droplets (LDs), initially described for their role in lipid storage, exert multiple functions, from the physiological prevention of LD coalescence and regulation of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis to pathological involvement in tumor progression and aggressiveness. Analysis of LDs highlights the importance of phosphatidylcholine metabolism and the diversity of lipid synthesis enzymes. In many cancers, the phosphatidylcholine pathways are disrupted, modifying the expression of genes coding for metabolic enzymes. Tumor microenvironment conditions, such as hypoxia, different types of stress or inflammatory conditions, are also important determinants of LD behavior in cancer cells. Therefore, LDs represent therapeutic targets in cancer, and many lipid mediators have emerged as potential biomarkers for cancer onset, progression, and/or resistance.

摘要翻译： 

癌症与心血管疾病共享多种常见风险因素，如血脂异常、肥胖和炎症。在这两种疾病中，均存在脂质代谢失调现象，而脂质囊泡已成为影响癌变过程的重要因素。本综述详细阐述了已知参与癌症发生及治疗反应的不同脂质分子的作用机制。特别是脂滴——最初因其在脂质储存中的功能而被描述——现已被证实具有多重功能：从生理上防止脂滴融合、调节内质网稳态，到病理上参与肿瘤进展与侵袭性。对脂滴的分析揭示了磷脂酰胆碱代谢的重要性以及脂质合成酶的多样性。在多种癌症中，磷脂酰胆碱代谢通路发生紊乱，进而改变代谢酶编码基因的表达。肿瘤微环境条件（如缺氧、各类应激或炎症状态）也是调控癌细胞中脂滴行为的关键决定因素。因此，脂滴可作为癌症治疗靶点，而多种脂质介质已成为潜在生物标志物，可用于监测癌症发生、进展和/或耐药性。

原文链接：

Emergence of Lipid Droplets in the Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Responses