Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a tumor-selective particle radiotherapy. It combines preferential boron accumulation in tumors and neutron irradiation. The recent initiation of BNCT clinical trials employing hospital-based accelerators rather than nuclear reactors as the neutron source will conceivably pave the way for new and more numerous clinical trials, leading up to much-needed randomized trials. In this context, it would be interesting to consider the implementation of new boron compounds and strategies that will significantly optimize BNCT. With this aim in mind, we analyzed, in this review, those articles published between 2020 and 2023 reporting new boron compounds and strategies that were proved therapeutically useful inin vitroand/orin vivoradiobiological studies, a critical step for translation to a clinical setting. We also explored new pathologies that could potentially be treated with BNCT and newly developed theranostic boron agents. All these radiobiological advances intend to solve those limitations and questions that arise during patient treatment in the clinical field, with BNCT and other therapies. In this sense, active communication between clinicians, radiobiologists, and all disciplines will improve BNCT for cancer patients, in a cost- and time-effective way.
硼中子俘获疗法（BNCT）是一种具有肿瘤选择性的粒子放射治疗技术。该疗法通过将硼元素在肿瘤组织中的特异性富集与中子照射相结合实现精准治疗。近期，基于医院加速器而非核反应堆作为中子源的BNCT临床试验已启动，这有望为更多新型临床试验铺平道路，进而推动亟需的随机对照试验开展。在此背景下，探索新型硼化合物及治疗策略以显著优化BNCT疗效具有重要意义。本综述系统分析了2020至2023年间发表的文献，重点考察了经体外和/或体内放射生物学研究证实具有治疗价值的新型硼化合物与策略——这些研究是向临床转化的重要环节。同时，我们探讨了BNCT可能治疗的新的疾病类型以及新开发的治疗诊断一体化硼制剂。这些放射生物学进展旨在解决BNCT及其他疗法在临床患者治疗中出现的局限性问题。通过临床医师、放射生物学家及多学科团队间的积极协作，有望以经济高效的方式推动BNCT技术的优化发展，最终惠及癌症患者。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家