文章：

剖析前列腺癌中微生物组衍生的短链脂肪酸：肠道菌群、种族差异与表观遗传机制分析

Dissecting Microbiome-Derived SCFAs in Prostate Cancer: Analyzing Gut Microbiota, Racial Disparities, and Epigenetic Mechanisms

原文发布日期：14 August 2023

DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164086

类型: Article

开放获取: 是

英文摘要：

Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be the most diagnosed cancer and the second primary cause of fatalities in men globally. There is an abundance of scientific evidence suggesting that the human microbiome, together with its metabolites, plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and has a significant impact on the efficacy of anticancer interventions in solid and hematological cancers. These anticancer interventions include chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and targeted therapies. Furthermore, the microbiome can influence systemic and local immune responses using numerous metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Despite the lack of scientific data in terms of the role of SCFAs in PCa pathogenesis, recent studies show that SCFAs have a profound impact on PCa progression. Several studies have reported racial/ethnic disparities in terms of bacterial content in the gut microbiome and SCFA composition. These studies explored microbiome and SCFA racial/ethnic disparities in cancers such as colorectal, colon, cervical, breast, and endometrial cancer. Notably, there are currently no published studies exploring microbiome/SCFA composition racial disparities and their role in PCa carcinogenesis. This review discusses the potential role of the microbiome in PCa development and progression. The involvement of microbiome-derived SCFAs in facilitating PCa carcinogenesis and their effect on PCa therapeutic response, particularly immunotherapy, are discussed. Racial/ethnic differences in microbiome composition and SCFA content in various cancers are also discussed. Lastly, the effects of SCFAs on PCa progression via epigenetic modifications is also discussed.

摘要翻译： 

前列腺癌（PCa）仍是全球男性中确诊率最高、致死率第二的恶性肿瘤。大量科学证据表明，人类微生物组及其代谢产物在实体瘤和血液系统恶性肿瘤的发生发展中起着关键作用，并对抗癌干预措施（包括化疗、免疫检查点抑制剂和靶向治疗）的疗效产生显著影响。微生物组可通过短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）等多种代谢产物调控全身及局部免疫应答。尽管目前缺乏SCFAs在前列腺癌发病机制中作用的科学数据，但最新研究表明SCFAs对前列腺癌进展具有深远影响。多项研究报道了肠道微生物组菌群构成及SCFAs组成存在种族/民族差异，这些研究主要聚焦于结直肠癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌和子宫内膜癌等恶性肿瘤中的微生物组与SCFAs差异。值得注意的是，目前尚未见探讨微生物组/SCFAs组成种族差异及其在前列腺癌发生中作用的研究发表。本综述探讨了微生物组在前列腺癌发生发展中的潜在作用，阐述了微生物源性SCFAs促进前列腺癌发生的机制及其对前列腺癌治疗反应（特别是免疫治疗）的影响，分析了不同癌症中微生物组构成与SCFAs含量的种族/民族差异，最后讨论了SCFAs通过表观遗传修饰影响前列腺癌进展的作用机制。

原文链接：

Dissecting Microbiome-Derived SCFAs in Prostate Cancer: Analyzing Gut Microbiota, Racial Disparities, and Epigenetic Mechanisms