High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is etiologically related to cervical cancer, other anogenital cancers and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Low-risk HPV, especially HPV6 and HPV11, cause genital warts and laryngeal papillomas. However, the accumulating data suggests that HPV6 and HPV11 may cause malignant lesions at non-cervical anatomic sites. This review aims to estimate the proportions of single and dual HPV6/11 infections in multiple cancers reported in the last 10 years in the Cochrane, Embasa and PubMed databases. Secondly, the genomes of HPV6/11 were compared with the most common high-risk genotype, HPV16, to determine the similarities and differences. A total of 11 articles were selected, including between one and 334 HPV+ cancer patients. The frequencies of single or dual HPV6/11 infections ranged between 0–5.5% for penile and 0–87.5% for laryngeal cancers and were null for vulvar, vaginal and oral cancers. The genomic similarities between HPV6/11 and HPV16 mainly involved theE7gene, indicating a limited ability to block cell differentiation. The presence of single or dual HPV6/11 infections in variable proportions of penile and laryngeal cancers support the vaccination strategies that cover these genotypes, not only for preventing genital warts but also for cancer prevention. Other risk factors and co-carcinogens are likely to participate in epithelial carcinogenesis associated with low-risk HPV.
高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈癌、其他肛门生殖器癌及口咽癌存在病因学关联。低危型HPV，特别是HPV6和HPV11，可引发生殖器疣和喉乳头状瘤。然而，现有数据表明HPV6和HPV11可能在非宫颈解剖部位引发恶性病变。本综述旨在通过分析Cochrane、Embase及PubMed数据库中近10年文献，评估多种癌症中单一或双重HPV6/11感染的占比情况。其次，通过比较HPV6/11与最常见高危型HPV16的基因组异同，探究其致病机制。共纳入11篇文献，涉及1至334例HPV阳性癌症患者。单一或双重HPV6/11感染在阴茎癌中的检出率为0–5.5%，在喉癌中为0–87.5%，而在外阴癌、阴道癌及口腔癌中未检出。HPV6/11与HPV16的基因组相似性主要集中于E7基因，提示其阻断细胞分化的能力有限。阴茎癌与喉癌中不同比例的单一或双重HPV6/11感染现象，支持涵盖这些基因型的疫苗接种策略不仅可预防生殖器疣，亦有助于癌症预防。其他风险因素及协同致癌物可能参与低危型HPV相关的上皮细胞癌变过程。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家