Small cell lung cancer is an aggressive subtype of lung cancer with limited treatment options. Precision medicine has revolutionized cancer treatment for many tumor types but progress in SCLC has been slower due to the lack of targetable biomarkers. This review article provides an overview of emerging strategies for precision therapy in SCLC. Targeted therapies include targeted kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, angiogenesis inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates, PARP inhibitors, and epigenetic modulators. Angiogenesis inhibitors and DNA-damaging agents, such as PARP and ATR inhibitors, have been explored in SCLC with limited success to date although trials are ongoing. The potential of targeting DLL3, a NOTCH ligand, through antibody–drug conjugates, bispecific T-cell engagers, and CAR T-cell therapy, has opened up new therapeutic options moving forward. Additionally, new research in epigenetic therapeutics in reversing transcriptional repression, modulating anti-tumor immunity, and utilizing antibody–drug conjugates to target cell surface-specific targets in SCLC are also being investigated. While progress in precision therapy for SCLC has been challenging, recent advancements provide optimism for improved treatment outcomes. However, several challenges remain and will need to be addressed, including drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity. Further research and biomarker-selected clinical trials are necessary to develop effective precision therapies for SCLC patients.
小细胞肺癌是一种侵袭性肺癌亚型，治疗选择有限。精准医学已革新多种肿瘤的治疗策略，但由于缺乏可靶向的生物标志物，小细胞肺癌领域进展相对缓慢。本综述概述了小细胞肺癌精准治疗的新兴策略，包括靶向激酶抑制剂、单克隆抗体、血管生成抑制剂、抗体药物偶联物、PARP抑制剂及表观遗传调节剂等。血管生成抑制剂与DNA损伤剂（如PARP和ATR抑制剂）已在小细胞肺癌中开展探索，目前成效有限但相关试验仍在推进。通过抗体药物偶联物、双特异性T细胞衔接器及CAR-T细胞疗法靶向NOTCH配体DLL3，为未来治疗开辟了新路径。此外，表观遗传治疗在逆转转录抑制、调节抗肿瘤免疫以及利用抗体药物偶联物靶向细胞表面特异性靶点等方面的研究也在进行中。尽管小细胞肺癌精准治疗面临挑战，但最新进展为改善疗效带来希望。然而耐药性与肿瘤异质性等难题仍需解决，未来需通过深入研究和生物标志物筛选的临床试验来推动小细胞肺癌精准治疗的发展。
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Emerging Targets and Strategies for Precision Therapy
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家