Nucleic acid aptamers, which are generated by a novel technique called SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment), have recently attracted significant attention in the field of early detection and treatment of cancer based on their numerous merits, such as high affinity, high specificity, small size, little immunogenicity, stable structures, and ease of chemical modification. Furthermore, aptamers can gain more flexibility as cancer cell targeting tools when conjugated to nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, DNA nanodevices, and polymeric nanoparticles. We discuss the progress achieved in cancer diagnosis and therapy through the conjugation of cell-SELEX-based aptamers with different nanomaterials.
核酸适体是通过一种名为SELEX(指数富集配体系统进化)的新技术产生的,因其具有高亲和力、高特异性、小尺寸、低免疫原性、结构稳定以及易于化学修饰等诸多优点,最近在癌症早期检测和治疗领域引起了广泛关注。此外,当与纳米材料(包括金属纳米颗粒、碳纳米材料、DNA纳米器件和聚合物纳米颗粒)结合时,适体能够作为癌细胞靶向工具获得更大的灵活性。本文讨论了通过将基于细胞SELEX的适体与不同纳米材料结合在癌症诊断和治疗方面取得的进展。
Cell-SELEX-based aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and therapy