文章：

癌症中的神经免疫串扰

Neuro-immune cross-talk in cancer

原文发布日期：2025-06-16

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-025-00831-w

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

The nervous and immune systems have co-evolved to detect and respond to internal and external threats, working together to restore homeostasis after tissue injury or infection. Sharing several receptors and ligands, they engage in direct cross-talk that substantially influences disease development. The emerging field of cancer neuro-immunity focuses on the intricate interactions between the nervous system, immune responses and tumour growth. Additional findings have revealed that nerve fibres infiltrating peripheral tumours can release neuromodulatory factors that shape both immune cell behaviour and tumour progression. Conversely, tumour-infiltrating immune cells can modify the activity of local neurons, including pain-transmitting nociceptive sensory neurons. Beyond sensory fibres, sympathetic signalling can foster immunosuppression by recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells and promoting T cell exhaustion. This Review summarizes current evidence on how neuronal signalling regulates peripheral antitumour immune responses within the tumour microenvironment. We describe the complex, reciprocal interactions among neurons, immune cells and malignant cells, highlighting the key parts played by the peripheral nervous system in modulating immunity against cancer. By understanding this neuro-immune axis, novel therapeutic approaches may be uncovered to strengthen antitumour immunity and enhance responses to existing cancer treatments.

摘要翻译： 

神经系统与免疫系统共同进化，以检测并应对内外界威胁，在组织损伤或感染后协同恢复稳态。它们共享多种受体和配体，进行直接对话，深刻影响疾病发展。新兴的癌症神经免疫学聚焦于神经系统、免疫反应与肿瘤生长之间的复杂互动。最新研究揭示，浸润外周肿瘤的神经纤维可释放神经调节因子，同时影响免疫细胞行为与肿瘤进展。反之，肿瘤浸润免疫细胞能够改变局部神经元（包括传递疼痛的伤害性感觉神经元）的活性。除感觉纤维外，交感神经信号可通过招募髓源性抑制细胞和促进T细胞耗竭来助长免疫抑制。本综述总结了当前关于神经元信号如何调控肿瘤微环境内外周抗肿瘤免疫反应的证据，阐述了神经元、免疫细胞与恶性细胞之间复杂的双向相互作用，着重强调了外周神经系统在调控抗癌免疫中的关键作用。通过解析这一神经免疫轴，或可开辟新的治疗途径，以增强抗肿瘤免疫力并提升现有癌症疗法的响应。

原文链接：

Neuro-immune cross-talk in cancer