文章：

皮肤鳞状细胞癌的研究进展

Advances in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

原文发布日期：2023-06-07

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00583-5

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Human malignancies arise predominantly in tissues of epithelial origin, where the stepwise transformation from healthy epithelium to premalignant dysplasia to invasive neoplasia involves sequential dysregulation of biological networks that govern essential functions of epithelial homeostasis. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a prototype epithelial malignancy, often with a high tumour mutational burden. A plethora of risk genes, dominated by UV-induced sun damage, drive disease progression in conjunction with stromal interactions and local immunomodulation, enabling continuous tumour growth. Recent studies have identified subpopulations of SCC cells that specifically interact with the tumour microenvironment. These advances, along with increased knowledge of the impact of germline genetics and somatic mutations on cSCC development, have led to a greater appreciation of the complexity of skin cancer pathogenesis and have enabled progress in neoadjuvant immunotherapy, which has improved pathological complete response rates. Although measures for the prevention and therapeutic management of cSCC are associated with clinical benefit, the prognosis remains poor for advanced disease. Elucidating how the genetic mechanisms that drive cSCC interact with the tumour microenvironment is a current focus in efforts to understand, prevent and treat cSCC.

摘要翻译： 

人类恶性肿瘤主要起源于上皮组织，其中从健康上皮到恶性前不典型增生再到侵袭性肿瘤的逐步转化过程，涉及调控上皮稳态核心功能的生物网络发生连续性失调。皮肤鳞状细胞癌（cSCC）是典型的上皮源性恶性肿瘤，常伴随高肿瘤突变负荷。以紫外线损伤为主的大量风险基因，通过与基质相互作用和局部免疫调节共同驱动疾病进展，促使肿瘤持续生长。近期研究发现与肿瘤微环境特异性相互作用的SCC细胞亚群。这些进展，结合对种系遗传与体细胞突变影响cSCC发生机制的深入认知，使人们对皮肤癌发病复杂性的理解更为深刻，并推动了新辅助免疫治疗的发展——该治疗方式显著提升了病理完全缓解率。尽管cSCC的预防和治疗措施已带来临床获益，但晚期患者预后仍不理想。阐明驱动cSCC的遗传机制与肿瘤微环境的相互作用，是目前理解、预防和治疗cSCC的研究焦点。

原文链接：

Advances in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma