文章：

癌症的内吞作用和癌症治疗

Endocytosis in cancer and cancer therapy

原文发布日期：2023-05-22

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Endocytosis is a complex process whereby cell surface proteins, lipids and fluid from the extracellular environment are packaged, sorted and internalized into cells. Endocytosis is also a mechanism of drug internalization into cells. There are multiple routes of endocytosis that determine the fate of molecules, from degradation in the lysosomes to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The overall rates of endocytosis and temporal regulation of molecules transiting through endocytic pathways are also intricately linked with signalling outcomes. This process relies on an array of factors, such as intrinsic amino acid motifs and post-translational modifications. Endocytosis is frequently disrupted in cancer. These disruptions lead to inappropriate retention of receptor tyrosine kinases on the tumour cell membrane, changes in the recycling of oncogenic molecules, defective signalling feedback loops and loss of cell polarity. In the past decade, endocytosis has emerged as a pivotal regulator of nutrient scavenging, response to and regulation of immune surveillance and tumour immune evasion, tumour metastasis and therapeutic drug delivery. This Review summarizes and integrates these advances into the understanding of endocytosis in cancer. The potential to regulate these pathways in the clinic to improve cancer therapy is also discussed.

摘要翻译： 

内吞作用是一个复杂的过程，细胞通过该过程将细胞表面蛋白、脂质及细胞外环境的液体进行包装、分选并内化至细胞内。内吞作用也是药物内化进入细胞的机制之一。多种内吞途径决定了分子的最终命运——从在溶酶体中降解到再循环至质膜。内吞的整体速率及其通路中分子转运的时间调控也与信号传导结果密切相关。这一过程依赖于一系列因素，如内在氨基酸基序和翻译后修饰。内吞作用在癌症中常发生紊乱，导致受体酪氨酸激酶异常滞留于肿瘤细胞膜、致癌分子循环改变、信号反馈环路缺陷以及细胞极性丧失。过去十年间，内吞作用已被揭示在营养摄取、免疫监视的响应与调控、肿瘤免疫逃逸、肿瘤转移及治疗性药物递送中发挥关键调节作用。本综述总结并整合这些进展以深化对癌症中内吞作用的理解，同时探讨在临床中调控这些通路以改善癌症治疗的潜力。

原文链接：

Endocytosis in cancer and cancer therapy