文章：

癌症中的先天淋巴样细胞和先天样T细胞——处于先天免疫和适应性免疫的十字路口

Innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cells in cancer — at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity

原文发布日期：2023-04-20

DOI: 10-1038-s41568-023-00562-w

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Immunotherapies targeting conventional T cells have revolutionized systemic treatment for many cancers, yet only a subset of patients benefit from these approaches. A better understanding of the complex immune microenvironment of tumours is needed to design the next generation of immunotherapeutics. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and innate-like T cells (ILTCs) are abundant, tissue-resident lymphocytes that have recently been shown to have critical roles in many types of cancers. ILCs and ILTCs rapidly respond to changes in their surrounding environment and act as the first responders to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. This places ILCs and ILTCs as pivotal orchestrators of the final antitumour immune response. In this Review, we outline hallmarks of ILCs and ILTCs and discuss their emerging role in antitumour immunity, as well as the pathophysiological adaptations leading to their pro-tumorigenic function. We explore the pleiotropic, in parts redundant and sometimes opposing, mechanisms that underlie the delicate interplay between the different subsets of ILCs and ILTCs. Finally, we highlight their role in amplifying and complementing conventional T cell functions and summarize immunotherapeutic strategies for targeting ILCs and ILTCs in cancer.

摘要翻译： 

靶向常规T细胞的免疫疗法已彻底改变多种癌症的全身治疗方式，但仅有部分患者能从这些疗法中获益。需要更深入地理解肿瘤复杂的免疫微环境，以设计下一代免疫治疗药物。先天性淋巴细胞（ILCs）与先天样T细胞（ILTCs）是大量存在的组织驻留淋巴细胞，近期研究显示它们在多种癌症中起关键作用。这类细胞能快速响应周围环境变化，作为首批应答者连接先天性与适应性免疫，从而成为抗肿瘤免疫终响应的核心协调者。本综述概述ILCs与ILTCs的特征，探讨其在抗肿瘤免疫中的新兴作用，以及导致促肿瘤功能的病理生理适应性变化。我们深入探究了不同ILC与ILTC亚群间精妙相互作用背后的多效性、部分冗余性及有时相互拮抗的作用机制，最后重点阐释其在增强和补充常规T细胞功能方面的作用，并总结了针对ILCs与ILTCs的癌症免疫治疗策略。

原文链接：

Innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cells in cancer — at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity