文章：

生物3D打印癌症模型：从基础生物学到药物开发

3D bioprinted cancer models: from basic biology to drug development

原文发布日期：2022-10-24

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00514-w

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Effort invested in the development of new drugs often fails to be translated into meaningful clinical benefits for patients with cancer. The development of more effective anticancer therapeutics and accurate prediction of their clinical merit remain urgent unmet medical needs. As solid cancers have complex and heterogeneous structures composed of different cell types and extracellular matrices, three-dimensional (3D) cancer models hold great potential for advancing our understanding of cancer biology, which has been historically investigated in tumour cell cultures on rigid plastic plates. Advanced 3D bioprinted cancer models have the potential to revolutionize the way we discover therapeutic targets, develop new drugs and personalize anticancer therapies in an accurate, reproducible, clinically translatable and robust manner. These ex vivo cancer models are already replacing existing in vitro systems and could, in the future, diminish or even replace the use of animal models. Therefore, profound understanding of the differences in tumorigenesis between 2D, 3D and animal models of cancer is essential. This Review presents the state of the art of 3D bioprinted cancer modelling, focusing on the biological processes that underlie the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer progression and treatment response as well as on proteomic and genomic signatures.

摘要翻译： 

在新型抗癌药物研发中所投入的努力，往往未能转化为对患者具有实质意义的临床获益。开发更有效的抗癌疗法并精准预测其临床价值，仍是亟待满足的医疗需求。由于实体瘤具有由不同细胞类型和细胞外基质构成的复杂异质性结构，三维癌症模型在增进我们对癌症生物学的理解方面展现出巨大潜力——既往该领域研究主要基于刚性培养皿中的肿瘤细胞培养。先进的三维生物打印癌症模型有望彻底改变我们发现治疗靶点、开发新药及个性化抗癌治疗的模式，使其具备精准性、可重复性、临床可转化性及稳健性。这些离体癌症模型已在逐步替代现有体外系统，并可能在未来减少甚至取代动物模型的使用。因此，深刻理解二维、三维与动物癌症模型在肿瘤发生机制上的差异至关重要。本综述将阐述三维生物打印癌症模型的前沿进展，重点关注癌症进展与治疗反应背后的生物学过程及其相关的蛋白质组学与基因组学特征。

原文链接：

3D bioprinted cancer models: from basic biology to drug development