文章：

肿瘤浸润性B细胞：免疫学机制、临床影响和治疗机会

Tumour-infiltrating B cells: immunological mechanisms, clinical impact and therapeutic opportunities

原文发布日期：2022-04-07

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00466-1

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Although immunotherapy research to date has focused largely on T cells, there is mounting evidence that tumour-infiltrating B cells and plasma cells (collectively referred to as tumour-infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIL-Bs)) have a crucial, synergistic role in tumour control. In many cancers, TIL-Bs have demonstrated strong predictive and prognostic significance in the context of both standard treatments and immune checkpoint blockade, offering the prospect of new therapeutic opportunities that leverage their unique immunological properties. Drawing insights from autoimmunity, we review the molecular phenotypes, architectural contexts, antigen specificities, effector mechanisms and regulatory pathways relevant to TIL-Bs in human cancer. Although the field is young, the emerging picture is that TIL-Bs promote antitumour immunity through their unique mode of antigen presentation to T cells; their role in assembling and perpetuating immunologically ‘hot’ tumour microenvironments involving T cells, myeloid cells and natural killer cells; and their potential to combat immune editing and tumour heterogeneity through the easing of self-tolerance mechanisms. We end by discussing the most promising approaches to enhance TIL-B responses in concert with other immune cell subsets to extend the reach, potency and durability of cancer immunotherapy.

摘要翻译： 

尽管迄今为止的免疫疗法研究主要聚焦于T细胞，但越来越多的证据表明，肿瘤浸润B细胞和浆细胞（统称为肿瘤浸润B淋巴细胞）在肿瘤控制中发挥着至关重要的协同作用。在许多癌症中，肿瘤浸润B淋巴细胞在标准治疗和免疫检查点阻断背景下展现出强大的预测和预后价值，为利用其独特免疫特性开辟了新的治疗机遇。借鉴自身免疫性疾病的研究成果，我们综述了与人类癌症中肿瘤浸润B淋巴细胞相关的分子表型、组织结构背景、抗原特异性、效应机制及调控通路。尽管该领域尚处于早期阶段，但现有研究逐渐揭示：肿瘤浸润B淋巴细胞通过其独特的抗原呈递模式激活T细胞；在组建并维持涉及T细胞、髓系细胞和自然杀伤细胞的免疫"热"肿瘤微环境中发挥作用；并通过缓解自身耐受机制对抗免疫编辑及肿瘤异质性。最后我们讨论了最具前景的研究方向——通过增强肿瘤浸润B淋巴细胞应答，协同其他免疫细胞亚群，以拓展癌症免疫治疗的覆盖范围、效力及持久性。

原文链接：

Tumour-infiltrating B cells: immunological mechanisms, clinical impact and therapeutic opportunities