文章：

模式识别受体在癌症中的环境依赖功能

Context-dependent functions of pattern recognition receptors in cancer

原文发布日期：2022-03-30

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00462-5

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

The immune system plays a critical role in shaping all facets of cancer, from the early initiation stage through to metastatic disease and resistance to therapy. Our understanding of the importance of the adaptive arm of the immune system in antitumour immunity has led to the implementation of immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors in numerous cancers, albeit with differing efficacy. By contrast, the clinical utility of innate immunity in cancer has not been exploited, despite dysregulated innate immunity being a feature of at least one-third of all cancers associated with tumour-promoting chronic inflammation. The past two decades have seen innate immune pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) emerge as critical regulators of the immune response to microbial infection and host tissue damage. More recently, it has become apparent that in many cancer types, PRRs play a central role in modulating a vast array of tumour-inhibiting and tumour-promoting cellular responses both in immune cells within the tumour microenvironment and directly in cancer cells. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fast-evolving field of PRRs in cancer, and discuss the potential to target PRRs for drug development and biomarker discovery in a wide range of oncology settings.

摘要翻译： 

免疫系统在癌症的各个层面都发挥着关键作用，从早期发生阶段到转移性疾病及治疗耐药性。我们对适应性免疫在抗肿瘤免疫中重要性的理解，已促使免疫检查点抑制剂的免疫疗法应用于多种癌症，尽管疗效存在差异。相比之下，先天免疫在癌症中的临床价值尚未被充分开发——尽管失调的先天免疫至少占所有癌症的三分之一，其特征是与肿瘤促进相关的慢性炎症。过去二十年间，先天免疫模式识别受体已成为调控微生物感染和宿主组织损伤免疫反应的关键调节因子。近年研究发现，在多种癌症类型中，模式识别受体不仅在肿瘤微环境内的免疫细胞中，更直接在癌细胞内部调控着大量抑制肿瘤和促进肿瘤的细胞反应。本文全面综述了这一快速发展的领域，并探讨在各种肿瘤学背景下靶向模式识别受体进行药物开发和生物标志物发现的潜力。

原文链接：

Context-dependent functions of pattern recognition receptors in cancer