文章：

通过对宠物狗的评价改善人类癌症治疗

Improving human cancer therapy through the evaluation of pet dogs

原文发布日期：2020-09-15

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0297-3

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Comparative oncology clinical trials play an important and growing role in cancer research and drug development efforts. These trials, typically conducted in companion (pet) dogs, allow assessment of novel anticancer agents and combination therapies in a veterinary clinical setting that supports serial biologic sample collections and exploration of dose, schedule and corresponding pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. Further, an intact immune system and natural co-evolution of tumour and microenvironment support exploration of novel immunotherapeutic strategies. Substantial improvements in our collective understanding of the molecular landscape of canine cancers have occurred in the past 10 years, facilitating translational research and supporting the inclusion of comparative studies in drug development. The value of the approach is demonstrated in various clinical trial settings, including single-agent or combination response rates, inhibition of metastatic progression and randomized comparison of multiple agents in a head-to-head fashion. Such comparative oncology studies have been purposefully included in the developmental plan for several US FDA-approved and up-and-coming anticancer drugs. Challenges for this field include keeping pace with technology and data dissemination/harmonization, improving annotation of the canine genome and immune system, and generation of canine-specific validated reagents to support integration of correlative biology within clinical trial efforts.

摘要翻译： 

比较肿瘤学临床试验在癌症研究和药物开发工作中扮演着重要且日益增长的角色。这些通常在伴侣犬身上进行的试验，可在兽医临床环境中评估新型抗癌药物和联合疗法，该环境支持系列生物样本采集、以及剂量方案与相应药代动力学/药效学关系的探索。此外，完整的免疫系统及肿瘤与微环境的自然共进化，为新型免疫治疗策略的探索提供了条件。过去十年间，我们对犬类癌症分子图谱的集体认知取得了长足进步，推动了转化研究的发展，并支持将比较研究纳入药物开发体系。该方法的价值已在多种临床试验场景中得到验证，包括单药或联合方案缓解率、转移进展抑制、以及多药物头对头随机对照研究。此类比较肿瘤学研究已被有针对性地纳入数款美国FDA批准及新兴抗癌药物的开发计划。该领域面临的挑战包括：与技术发展和数据传播/标准化保持同步、完善犬类基因组与免疫系统的注释、开发犬类特异性验证试剂以支持相关性生物学与临床试验的整合。

原文链接：

Improving human cancer therapy through the evaluation of pet dogs