文章：

癌症中免疫细胞的代谢

Metabolism of immune cells in cancer

原文发布日期：2020-07-06

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0273-y

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

Through the successes of checkpoint blockade and adoptive cellular therapy, immunotherapy has become an established treatment modality for cancer. Cellular metabolism has emerged as a critical determinant of the viability and function of both cancer cells and immune cells. In order to sustain prodigious anabolic needs, tumours employ a specialized metabolism that differs from untransformed somatic cells. This metabolism leads to a tumour microenvironment that is commonly acidic, hypoxic and/or depleted of critical nutrients required by immune cells. In this context, tumour metabolism itself is a checkpoint that can limit immune-mediated tumour destruction. Because our understanding of immune cell metabolism and cancer metabolism has grown significantly in the past decade, we are on the cusp of being able to unravel the interaction of cancer cell metabolism and immune metabolism in therapeutically meaningful ways. Although there are metabolic processes that are seemingly fundamental to both cancer and responding immune cells, metabolic heterogeneity and plasticity may serve to distinguish the two. As such, understanding the differential metabolic requirements of the diverse cells that comprise an immune response to cancer offers an opportunity to selectively regulate immune cell function. Such a nuanced evaluation of cancer and immune metabolism can uncover metabolic vulnerabilities and therapeutic windows upon which to intervene for enhanced immunotherapy.

摘要翻译： 

随着检查点阻断和过继性细胞疗法的成功，免疫疗法已成为一种成熟的癌症治疗方式。细胞代谢已成为决定癌细胞和免疫细胞存活与功能的关键因素。为了维持巨大的合成代谢需求，肿瘤采用了一种不同于未转化体细胞的特殊代谢方式。这种代谢导致肿瘤微环境通常呈酸性、缺氧和/或缺乏免疫细胞所需的关键营养物质。在此背景下，肿瘤代谢本身就是一个可以限制免疫介导的肿瘤破坏的检查点。由于过去十年我们对免疫细胞代谢和癌症代谢的理解显著增长，我们正处于能够以具有治疗意义的方式揭示癌细胞代谢与免疫代谢相互作用的边缘。尽管存在一些看似对癌症和应答免疫细胞都至关重要的代谢过程，但代谢异质性和可塑性可能有助于区分两者。因此，理解构成对癌症免疫反应的多种细胞的不同代谢需求，为选择性调节免疫细胞功能提供了机会。这种对癌症和免疫代谢的细致评估可以揭示代谢脆弱性和治疗窗口，通过干预这些方面来增强免疫疗法。

原文链接：

Metabolism of immune cells in cancer