文章：

白血病干细胞：CML和AML的异同及临床前景

The leukaemia stem cell: similarities, differences and clinical prospects in CML and AML

原文发布日期：2020-01-06

DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0230-9

类型: Review Article

开放获取: 否

英文摘要：

For two decades, leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) have been advanced paradigms for the cancer stem cell field. In CML, the acquisition of the fusion tyrosine kinase BCR–ABL1 in a haematopoietic stem cell drives its transformation to become a LSC. In AML, LSCs can arise from multiple cell types through the activity of a number of oncogenic drivers and pre-leukaemic events, adding further layers of context and genetic and cellular heterogeneity to AML LSCs not observed in most cases of CML. Furthermore, LSCs from both AML and CML can be refractory to standard-of-care therapies and persist in patients, diversify clonally and serve as reservoirs to drive relapse, recurrence or progression to more aggressive forms. Despite these complexities, LSCs in both diseases share biological features, making them distinct from other CML or AML progenitor cells and from normal haematopoietic stem cells. These features may represent Achilles’ heels against which novel therapies can be developed. Here, we review many of the similarities and differences that exist between LSCs in CML and AML and examine the therapeutic strategies that could be used to eradicate them.

摘要翻译： 

二十年来，慢性髓系白血病和急性髓系白血病中的白血病干细胞一直是癌症干细胞研究领域的前沿范例。在慢性髓系白血病中，造血干细胞获得融合酪氨酸激酶BCR–ABL1后发生转化，成为白血病干细胞。而在急性髓系白血病中，白血病干细胞可通过多种致癌驱动因子和白血病前事件的激活，从多种细胞类型中产生，这为急性髓系白血病干细胞增添了更多背景层次及遗传和细胞异质性，这些在大多数慢性髓系白血病病例中并未观察到。此外，急慢性髓系白血病的白血病干细胞可能对标准治疗产生耐药，在患者体内持续存在、克隆多样化，并作为驱动疾病复发、再发或进展为更侵袭性形式的储备库。尽管存在这些复杂性，两种疾病中的白血病干细胞具有共同的生物学特征，使其区别于其他慢性或急性髓系白血病祖细胞以及正常造血干细胞。这些特征可能代表着可被用于开发新型疗法的致命弱点。本文综述了慢性与急性髓系白血病干细胞之间的异同点，并探讨了可用于根除它们的治疗策略。

原文链接：

The leukaemia stem cell: similarities, differences and clinical prospects in CML and AML