Unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT) is an alternative curative option for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who need allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) but lack an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor. However, large-scale data are lacking on CBT outcomes for unselected adult AML. To investigate the trends of survival and engraftment after CBT over the past 22 years, we retrospectively evaluated the data of patients with AML in Japan according to the time period of CBT (1998–2007 vs 2008–2013 vs 2014–2019). A total of 5504 patients who received single-unit CBT as first allogeneic HCT for AML were included. Overall survival (OS) at 2 years significantly improved over time. The improved OS among patients in ≥ complete remission (CR)3 and active disease at CBT was mainly due to a reduction of relapse-related mortality, whereas among patients in first or second CR at CBT, this was due mainly to a reduction of non-relapse mortality. The trends of neutrophil engraftment also improved over time. This experience demonstrated that the survival and engraftment rate after CBT for this group has improved over the past 22 years.
非亲缘脐带血移植（CBT）是需要接受异基因造血细胞移植（HCT）但缺乏HLA匹配亲缘或非亲缘供者的急性髓系白血病（AML）成年患者的替代治疗方案。然而，目前缺乏针对未经筛选成人AML患者接受CBT结局的大规模数据。为探究过去22年间CBT后生存与植入情况的趋势，我们依据CBT实施时间段（1998-2007年 vs 2008-2013年 vs 2014-2019年）对日本AML患者数据进行了回顾性分析。研究共纳入5504例接受单份脐带血单位作为首次异基因HCT治疗的AML患者。两年总生存率（OS）随时间推移显著提升：在CBT时处于≥完全缓解（CR）3及活动性疾病的患者中，OS改善主要源于复发相关死亡率降低；而在CBT时处于首次或第二次CR的患者中，OS改善则主要得益于非复发死亡率下降。中性粒细胞植入趋势也随时间推移持续改善。这些结果表明，过去22年间该患者群体接受CBT后的生存率与植入成功率均获得显著提升。
肿瘤(癌症)患者之家